1.
1 Cause of Modernism: Swift changes and grown in technology; WWI
2.
1 Modernist Movement (Other than Imagism): Futurism: deeply infatuated with the machine: its shapes and forms, its distances and speeds, and its brutality and violence.
3.
Acknowledging (Speech Act): ...
4.
Agency: having power or authority, speakers of the poem usually have the most agency.
5.
Alfred, Lord Tennyson: "106 (Ring out, wild bells, to the wild sky)" (611)
6.
Allen Ginsberg,: "America" (471)
7.
Alliteration: use of the same consonant at the beginning of each stressed syllable in a line of verse
8.
Allusion: passing reference or indirect mention
9.
Anapest: a metrical unit with unstressed-unstressed-stressed syllables
10.
Anne Sexton,: "Her Kind" (210)
11.
Aubade: a poem about dawn; a morning love song; or a poem about the parting of lovers at dawn
12.
Ballad Stanza: In poetry, a Ballad stanza is the four-line stanza, known as a quatrain, most often found in the folk ballad. This form consists of alternating four- and three-stress lines. Usually only the second and fourth lines rhyme (in an a/b/c/b pattern).
13.
Beat Poetry: The Beat Generation is a term used to describe a group of American writers who came to prominence in the 1950s, and the cultural phenomena that they wrote about and inspired (later sometimes called "beatniks")
14.
Byronic Hero: a self tormented outcast who is cynical and contemptuous of societal norms and is suffering from some unnamed or mysterious sin
15.
Caesura: a break or pause (usually for sense) in the middle of a verse line
16.
Connotation: an idea that is implied or suggested
17.
Content: something (a person or object or scene) selected by an artist or photographer for graphic representation
18.
Countee Cullen,: "Incident" (450)
19.
Dactyl: a metrical unit with stressed-unstressed-unstressed syllables
20.
Danielle Devereaux: "Cardiogram" (in BCP 35)
21.
Denotation: the most direct or specific meaning of a word or expression
22.
Dramatic Monologue: a poem in which a speaker addresses a silent listener
23.
E. E. Cummings,: "r-p-o-p-h-e-s-s-a-g-r" (174)
24.
Ekphrasis: poems about works of art (or "a verbal representation of a visual representation").
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Ekphrasis (Lyric Subgenre): A poem about a work of art
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Elegy: a work of mourning written in response to the death of a person or persons, or even to the loss of a way of life.
27.
Elegy (Lyric Subgenre): A poem about death
28.
Elizabeth Bishop,: "One Art" (175)
29.
Emily Dickinson,: "The Brain—is wider than the Sky—"
30.
End-Stop: a line that comes to a full stop with a punctuation mark
31.
English (Shakespearean) Sonnet: consists of 3 quatrains and a couplet, usually rhyming abab cdcd efef gg
32.
Enjambment: a line that forces it's way on the the next line, often for a specific meaning in the poem: building speed, imagery
33.
Ezra Pound,: "In a Station of the Metro" (561)
34.
Figurative Language: "Language employing figures of speech, language that cannot be taken literally or only literally" (425).
35.
Figure of Speech: "Broadly, any way of saying something other than the ordinary way; more narrowly, a way of saying one thing and meaning another" (425).
36.
Frank O'Hara,: "Ave Maria" (547)
37.
Free Verse: Poetry that does not have a regular meter or rhyme scheme
38.
Genre: a class of art (or artistic endeavor) having a characteristic form or technique
39.
H.D.: "Oread" (174)
40.
Hexameter: a verse line having six metrical feet
41.
Historical Poetry (Essential Features): Poetry about historical events or figures
42.
Iamb: a metrical unit with unstressed-stressed syllables
43.
Imagism: a movement by American and English poets early in the 20th century in reaction to Victorian sentimentality
44.
Italian (Petrarchan) Sonnet: a sonnet consisting of an octave with the rhyme pattern abbaabba, followed by a sestet with the rhyme pattern cdecde or cdcdcd
45.
John Ashbery,: "Paradoxes and Oxymorons" (378)
46.
John Clare,: "I Am" (419)
47.
Joy Harjo,: "Song for the Deer and Myself to Return On" (175)
48.
Julia Alvarez,: "From 33" (372)
49.
Julie Cameron Gray,: "Widow Fantasies" (in BCP 41)
50.
Lamenting (Speech Act): ...
51.
Langston Hughes,: "Harlem" (501)
52.
Lorna Dee Cervantes: "Poema para los Californios Muertos" (176)
53.
Lorna Dee Cervantes,: "Poema para los Californios Muertos" (176)
54.
Matthew Arnold: "Dover Beach" (146)
55.
Metaphor: "the comparison is not expressed but created when a figurative term is substituted for or identified with the literal term" (73).
56.
Metaphor: a figure of speech in which an expression is used to refer to something that it does not literally denote in order to suggest a similarity
57.
Metaphor and Simile: compare unlike things, rest on a difference.
58.
Metonymy: "A figure of speech in which some significant aspect or detail of an experience is used to represent the whole experience." More specifically, "the use of something closely related for the thing actually meant" (427).
59.
Metonymy and Synecdoche: "rest on congruences and correspondences"
60.
Metrical Verse: poetry with a regular meter
61.
Modernism: genre of art and literature that makes a self-conscious break with previous genres
62.
Nativity Poem (Lyric Subgenre): A poem about birth
63.
New York School: an informal group of American poets, painters, dancers, and musicians active in the 1950s, 1960s in New York City; often drew inspiration from Surrealism and the contemporary avant-garde art movements, in particular action painting, abstract expressionism, Jazz, improvisational theater, experimental music, and the interaction of friends in the New York City art world's vanguard circle;
64.
Pentameter: a verse line having five metrical feet
65.
Percy Bysshe Shelley,: "Ozymandias" (577)
66.
Persona: the speaker, voice, or character assumed by the author of a piece of writing
67.
Personification: representing an abstract quality or idea as a person or creature
68.
Philip Larkin,: "This Be the Verse" (515)
69.
Poetry and Cliché: Poetry plays with and uses cliché
70.
Poetry and Disequilibrium: Poetry pushes the boundaries of our comforts and tackles what we are unfamiliar with or afraid of.
71.
Poetry and Origins in Life (Private, Public, Nature and Time): Poetry starts within and has always shared common themes: life, death, nature, love, etc.
72.
Poetry and Poignancy: Poetry that makes us feel and is deep, stirring and poignant.
73.
Poignancy: The feeling of being moved.
74.
Postmodernity: social relations characterized by a questioning of the notion of progress and history, the replacement of narrative with pastiche, and multiple, perhaps even conflicting, identities resulting from disjointed affiliations
75.
Questioning (Speech Act): ...
76.
Regional Poetry: Poetry that is about a specific place.
77.
Rhyme Scheme: the pattern of rhyme in a poem
78.
Robert Browning: "My Last Duchess" (170)
79.
Ron Smith,: "The Teacher's Pass the Popcorn" (584)
80.
Shane Rhodes,: "IntraVenus" (in BCP 75)
81.
Sherman Alexie: "Evolution" (152)
82.
Simile: a figure of speech that expresses a resemblance between things of different kinds (usually formed with 'like' or 'as')
83.
Simile: "the comparison is expressed by the use of some word or phrase, such as like, as, than, similar to, resembles, or seems" (73).
84.
Sir Thomas Wyatt,: "Whoso List to Hunt, I Know Where Is an Hind" (Blackboard)
85.
Speech Act: Any verbal or nonverbal message as part of an interaction; the basic building block of the social universe people create; threats, promises, insults, compliments, etc
86.
Stanley Kunitz,: "The Portrait" (514)
87.
Stressed: a stressed foot
88.
Symbol: anything that stands for or represents something else. Symbols can have established meaning such as cultural, spiritual, or historical associations, or they can take unmeaning in their own context.
89.
Synecdoche: "A figure of speech in which a part is used for the whole." Arp and Johnson, for the sake of ease, subsume synecdoche under the term metonymy (430).
90.
T. S. Eliot: "The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock" (201)
91.
Tetrameter: a verse line having four metrical feet
92.
The Lyric Poem: "a spontaneously melodic expression" (opposed to narrative or dramatic poetry
93.
The Narrative Poem/Narrative Impulse: Poetry that tells a story, or attempts to tell a story.
94.
The Post-Lyric Lyric (Divergence from Tradition): re-conceiving the concept of the maker, the authority of the individual poet,
expanding the range of what constitutes a poem,
working with changing technologies to expand our understanding of the page,
reconsidering the role of the audience and performance.
95.
The Romantic Period and the Turn to the Self (3 Changes): Romanticism and Philosophical Change:
the turn to imagination, feeling, and nature.
Romanticism and Sociopolitical Change:
the turn to individual liberty and creativity.
Romanticism and Aesthetic Change:
formal strategies that result from these turns.
96.
Thylias Moss,: "One for All Newborns" (545)
97.
Traits of Postmodern Art: Questioning Authority and Irony.
self-consciousness and reflexivity
the turn to the body, to the local, to the previously taboo lifestyle or identity
irony, parody and pastiche
challenging conventional reading practices
mixing of the conventions of popular and 'high art'
98.
Trochee: a metrical unit with stressed-stressed-unstressed syllables
99.
Types of Imagery: sight- visual smell-olfactory hearing- auditory touch- tactile taste- gusatory
100.
Unstressed: an unstressed foot
101.
Victorian Period and the Context of the Poet's Work: 1830-1901 This was a period of industrial, political, scientific, and military progress in England.
102.
Villanelle: highly structured poem consisting of six stanzas: five tercets and a quatrain; first and third line are repeated throughout
103.
W.H. Auden,: "Musée des Beaux Arts" (383)
104.
Wilfred Owen,: "Anthem for Doomed Youth" (548)
105.
William Butler Yeats,: "An Irish Airman Forsees His Death" (200)
106.
William Shakespeare,: "Sonnet 18" (574)
107.
William Wordsworth: "Lines Composed a Few Miles above Tintern Abbey on Revisiting the Banks of the Wye During a Tour" (257)
108.
Yusef Komunyakaa,: "Facing It" (24)
