Encapsulated Bacteria
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Created by:
neilparikh on April 23, 2012
Description:
salazar mather
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24 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 which are the encapsulated bacteria? | s. pneumonia h. influenza |
| which grow in vacuoles? | mycobacteria legionella |
| which are prominent examples of encapsulated bacteria? | streptococcus pneumoniae haemophilus influenzae B neissariae meningitidis |
| these three bacteria are also.. | the most common causes of bacterial meningitis |
| Streptococcus Pneumoniae | alpha hemolytic (dark/green in blood agar) |
| where does S. Pneumoniae colonize? | nasopharynx--frequently causes lower resp infections (pneumonia) + upper resp infecitons (otitis media, bronchitis, sinusitis) |
| vaccine for S. pneumoniae? | yes. 23 most common serotypes included |
| what is the most important factor for virulence of S. pneumoniae? | CAPSULE- antiphagocytic properties protect growth of bacterium from PMNs; -secretory IgA proteases |
| H. influenzae | is gram negative rod |
| Types of H. Influenzae | Non-Encapsulated: part of nasal flora (cause bronchitis, otitis media, sinusitis- non invasive) Encapsulated (eg. HiB, invasive disease, causes meningitis, epiglottis, cellulitis) |
| How does H. influenzae spread? | Local invasion: sinusitis/otitis media Systemic: invasion @ sites of epithelial damage, axs to blood via endothelial cells; Capsule contains polyribose phosphage; |
| H. ducreyi | sexually transmitted bacterial infection highly contagious lesions on skin + inguinal lymphadenopathy |
| mycobacteria | TB, Avium non-spore |
| Mycobacteria stain... | with acid fast (Ziehl Neelson) |
| TB (mycobacterium tuberculosis) | slow growing , acid fast replication w/n macrophages |
| spread of TB | requires spread of aerosolized form of ACTIVE TB |
| spread of TB 2 | 1) initially bacterial laden MPs transported via blood/lymph to other sites 2) body controls organism via CD4 response; in order to control, granulomas form and caseous necrosis can happen with it; -in lung, tubercle can liquefy and disperse caseous material containing amplified TB |
| PPD test | checks for hypersensitivity rxn; not looking for disease, looking for exposure to antigen previously; |
| M Avium Intracellulare Complex | non-TB mycobacteria -from soil+water affects immunocompromised individuals most common opportunistic bacterial infection in those with late stage AIDS |
| M. leprae | -grows only in armadillos -human is dead end host -lives in macrophages + schwann cells |
| Legionella (vacuolated) | -L. pneumophilla is amongst 3 most commonc ases of community acquired pneumonia requiring hospitalizations -hard to find because requires special media & does not gram stain; |
| Legionella Pneumophilla encounter + entry | -enters MP and secretes proteins blocking fusion of phagosome with lysosome; inside vacuole, can grow protected; |
| susceptibility for Legionnaire's Disease | >50, men 3x>f, smokers + immunocompromised; |
| treatment of legionnaire's | need antibiotic that can penetrate cells /vacuoles (macrolides, tetracycline) |
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