Light Vocab Chap 16-19
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Created by:
CptBuckChazzers on April 23, 2012
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Light Vocabulary
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56 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Light | (physics) electromagnetic radiation that can produce a visual sensation |
| Ray Model | Light moves in a straight-line path through a medium. |
| Luminous | softly bright or radiant |
| Illuminated | provided with artificial light |
| Luminous Flux | the rate of flow of light energy |
| Lumen | a unit of luminous flux equal to the amount of light given out through a solid angle of 1 steradian by a point source of 1 candela intensity radiating uniformly in all directions |
| Illuminance | the luminous flux incident on a unit area |
| Lux | a unit of illumination equal to 1 lumen per square meter |
| Candela | the basic unit of luminous intensity adopted under the Systeme International d'Unites |
| Luminous Intensity | candela |
| Transparent | transmitting light |
| Translucent | permitting light to pass through, but not transparent |
| Opaque | not letting light through; not clear or lucid; dense, stupid |
| Spectrum | colored band produced when a beam of light passes through a prism; broad and continuous range; Ex. whole spectrum of modern thoughts |
| Primary Color | Red, green, and blue, which can combine to produce white light and mixed in pairs produce the secondary colors: yellow, cyan, and magenta |
| Secondary Color | Yellow, cyan, and magenta, each of which is produced by combining two primary colors |
| Complementary Color | either one of two chromatic colors that when mixed together give white |
| Dye | A molecule that absorbs certain wavelengths of light and transmits or reflects them. |
| Pigment | a colored chemical compound that absorbs light, producing color |
| Primary Pigment | Cyan, magenta, and yellow, each of which absorbs one primary color from white light and reflects two primary colors; can be mixed in pairs to produce the secondary pigments: red, green, and blue |
| Secondary Pigment | red, green, and blue, each absorb two primary colors from white light and reflects one primary color; can be produced by mixing pairs of cyan, magenta, and yellow pigment |
| Thin-film Interference | This material : ex: oil on water, will have certain thicknesses that cause some colors to vanish while other colors are enhanced. appears when wavelength= thickness |
| Polarized | Light consisting of waves that vibrate on specific plane |
| Regular Reflection | Reflection that occurs when parallel rays of light hit a smooth surface and all reflect at the same angle |
| Diffuse Reflection | Reflection that occurs when parallel rays of light hit a rough surface and all reflect at different angles |
| Angle of Refraction | the angle between a refracted ray and a line perpendicular to the surface between the two media at the point of refraction |
| Optically Dense | The measure of transmittance of an optical medium for a given wavelength |
| Snell's Law | Equation describing the angle of refraction for a light ray passing from one medium to another, given by n₁sinθ₁ = n₂sinθ₂, where n is the index of refraction. |
| Index of Refraction | the ratio of the velocity of light in a vacuum to that in a medium |
| Total Internal Reflection | the complete reflection that takes place within a substance when the angle of incidence of light striking the surface boundary is less than the critical angle |
| Critical Angle | the smallest angle of incidence for which light is totally reflected |
| Dispersion | The process in which white light separates into colors |
| Plane Mirror | Mirror in which incident light rays remain parallel after reflection, always producing a virtual image that appears to be the same distance behind the mirror as the object is in front of the mirror. |
| Object | a tangible and visible entity |
| Image | a visual representation (of an object or scene or person or abstraction) produced on a surface |
| Virtual Image | an image that forms at a location from which light rays appear to come but do not actually come |
| Erect Image | a mirror image that points in the same direction as the reflected object |
| Concave Mirror | a mirror that is curved inward like the inside of a spoon; converges to the focal point |
| Principal Axis | a line that passes through the center of curvature of a lens so that light is neither reflected nor refracted |
| Focal Point | the point at which light rays meet when reflected or refracted |
| Focal Length | Distance between the focal point and the mirror or lens. For spherical mirrors, focal length is equal to one-half the radius of curvature. |
| Real Image | An image of an object formed by light rays that actually come together at a specific location. |
| Lens/Mirror Equation | 1/f=1/di+1/do, where f is focal length, di is image distance, and do is object distance. |
| Magnification | the act of expanding something in apparent size |
| Spherical Aberration | an optical property whereby different portions of a spherical lens or spherial, concave mirror have slightly different focal lengths, thereby producing a fuzzy image |
| Convex Mirror | a mirror whose reflecting surface is an outward-curved segment of a sphere |
| Lens | a transparent optical device used to converge or diverge transmitted light and to form images |
| Convex Lens | lens such that a beam of light passing through it is brought to a point or focus |
| Concave Lens | a lens such that a parallel beam of light passing through it is caused to diverge or spread out |
| Chromatic Aberration | an optical aberration in which the image has colored fringes |
| Achromatic Lens | a compound lens system that forms an image free from chromatic aberration |
| Interference Fringes | alternating bright and dark bands caused by viewing a thin film of varying thickness with monochromatic light. |
| Monochromatic Light | Light having a single wavelength or frequency |
| Coherent Waves | light waves which are lined up so that the troughs and peaks are matched |
| Diffraction Grating | optical device consisting of a surface with many parallel grooves in it |
| Rayleigh Criterion | A criterion for the resolving power of an optical instrument which states that the images of two point objects are resolved when the principal maximum of the diffraction pattern of one falls exactly on the first minimum of the diffraction pattern of the other. |
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