4th grade Al history chapter 9 Civil Rights
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Bayside303 on April 23, 2012
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Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 veterans | men and women who have served in the military during a time of war |
| GI Bill | a law passed to help veterans and to give them monty to further their education |
| loans | money borrowed by an individual or business that is to be paid back over a period of time |
| baby boom | dramatic increase in births from 1946-1964 that led to growth in many areas |
| Big Jim Folsom | popular governor of Alabama elected to two terms, 1947-1951 and 1955-1959 |
| efficient | working well in a timely manner |
| agribusiness | business related to growning crops and raising livestock |
| pulp | material usually made from wood to be used in making paper |
| Korean War | North Korea invaded South Korea in June 1950; US went to war to support South Korea |
| peninsula | an area of land almost completely surrounded by water |
| diversify | increasing the variety of something |
| disenfranchised | to deprive a person of the rights of citizenship, esp. the right to vote |
| NAACP | National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, organized in 1909 to demand political, civil and social rights for Aftrican American in |
| Niagara Movement | meeting called by Dr. WEB DuBois in Niagara Ontario to work for rights for African Americans |
| Annie Packer | African American educator in the late 1940s who began teaching African American preschoolers and continued to 1970s |
| meteorologists | scientists who study the weather |
| About how man Alabamians served in the armed forces during WWII? | 250,000 |
| Which congressional bill helped the veterans go back to school, learn new skills and buy homes? | G.I. Bill |
| What was the baby boom? | rapid population increase after WWII; 76 million babies were born between 1946 and 1964- led to growth in all areas |
| Why was Governor Folsom known as Big Jim? | He was 6 feet 8 inches tall |
| Name at least 3 inventions that changed life on the farm and in the city? | cotton picker, meant less workers needed air condition, meant more office workers television, replaced radios increased car usage, drive ins and fast food |
| What groups of people did not prosper during the economic boom after WWII? | African Americans, due to separate but equal principle that was not equal, also blacks were disenfranchised and could not vote |
| Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas case | Supreme Court case that found that practice of "separate but equal" was unlawful and demanded schools integrate |
| integrate | to unite into a whole, combine smaller units into a larger one |
| civil rights | basic, nonpolitical right and freedoms of an individual |
| Jim Crow laws | laws, customs, and traditions that separated the reaces in the South and kept blacks from having the same opportunities and rights |
| Rosa Parks | well respected African American woman who refused to give up her bus seat to a white man and was arrested in Dec. 1955. Beginning of the Montgomery bus boycott |
| E.D. Nixon | father of the modern day civil rights movement; founder of the Montgomery chapter of the NAACP |
| boycott | to abstain from use of a service or product |
| non-violent protests | peaceful gathering of citizens to declare their opposition to somethng without using force or violence |
| Johnnie Daniels Carr | awarded the Roosevelt Freedom Medal for her contributions to the Civil Rights Movement |
| Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. | minister who was America's greatest champion of civil rights, great orator and responsible for winning passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 |
| unconstitutional | not in agreement with the laws already in place |
| Zora Neale Hurston | one of the best know African American writers; wrote Their Eyes Were Watching God |
| Virginia foster Durr | worked for civil rights, posted bail for Rosa Parks, and worked for passage of the Voting Rights Act |
| Judge Frank M. Johnson Jr. | worked in favor of human rights. ordered Alabama schools and other public facilities to desegregate; ruled the the Selma to Montgomery march could take place |
| Governor George Wallace | led the opposition to desegregation and pledged to keep schools segregated; also created a system of trade schools and junior colleges and offered free text books to black and white public schools |
| pupil placement laws | placing students in selected schools; intended to support segregation |
| freedom of choice laws | refers to selecting schools; one of the ways in which segregation was accomplished |
| demonstrations | public gatherings to express feelings toward an idea or policy |
| Birmingham, Selma, and Montgomery | Birmingham "most segregated city in the country" home of "Bull Connor" |
| Eugene "Bull " Connor | Birmingham police chief who sent dogs and fire hoses against peaceful demonstrators working to integrate lunch counters and hire black employees in downtown businesses in Birmingham |
| Edmund Pettus Bridge | March 21, 1965: thousands of marchers crossed this bridge over the Alabama River in Selma to begin the 50 mile Voting Rights March to Montgomery |
| Sixteenth Street Baptist Church | four black girls killed by a bomb in Sept. 1963 |
| Rev. Fred Shuttlesworth | led demonstrations in Birmingham to gain civil rights for African Americans |
| Civil Rights Act of 1964 | made it illegal to deny people access to public facilities based on their race |
| Voting Rights Act of 1965 | erased restrictions that some states had placed on black voteres and made ti possible for federal agents to supervise elections to make sure the laws were followed |
| President Lyndon B. Johnson | signed the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965 into law |
| Selma | Selma- beginning of the Voting Rights March in March 1965; location of the Edmund Pettus Bridge |
| Montgomery | Montgomery-capital of AL and end of the Voting Rights March in 1965 |
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