| Term | Definition |
|---|
| a-d-glucose | Glucose, anomeric carbon has -OH in an axial position |
| b-D-glucose | Glucose, anomeric carbon has -OH in an equitorial position |
| hemiketal | ketone + alcohol |
| hemiacetal | aldehyde + alcohol |
| Aldose | type of monosaccharide; glucose, galactose, ribose, glyceraldehyde |
| Ketose | type of monosaccharide; fructose, ribulose, xyulose, dihydroxyacetone |
| mutarotation | interconversion between a and b forms in solution through the open-chain form to give an equilibrium mixture of both |
| optical activity | the ability to rotate polarized light |
| diastereomer | Stereoisomers that are not mirror images of one another. |
| Epimer | Differ in orientation of -OH at one carbon |
| Anomer | a and b forms |
| Enantiomer | non-superimposable mirror image |
| UDPG | "activated Glucose" |
| Glycoside | a or b-D-glucose plus CH3OH yields this type of compound |
| Gluconic acid | D-Glucose oxidized by cupric ion |
| a-D-Glucuronic acid | Oxidation of glucose at carbon 6; important compound for detoxification |
| HbAic | Used to monitor blood-glucose level control in diabetics over time |
| alpha | HO down |
| beta | HO up |
| Maltose | alpha 1-4 (2 glucose) |
| Sucrose | alpha-1-beta-2 (fructose-glucose) |
| Lactose | beta-1-4 (galactose-glucose) |
| Trehalose | alpha-1-1 (2 glucose) |
| Cellobiose | beta-1-4 (2 glucose) |
| Amylose | alpha-1-4 linkages of glucose (helical) |
| Amylopectin | linear alpha-1-4; branches alpha-1-6 (minimal branching) |
| Glycogen | linear alpha-1-4; branches alpha-1-6 (much branching) |
| Cellulose | beta-1-4 glucose polymer; not digestible |
Combine with other sets
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