| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Bony abdomen | Comprised of the pelvis and the lower vertebral column |
| Lower vertebral column | Includes the lumbar spine, sacrum, and coccyx |
| Iliac crest | Upper curved boder of the illium |
| Iliac crest | Lies at the level of the disc between L-4 and L-5 |
| Diaphragm | Separates the thoracic and abdominal cavities |
| Diaphragm | Controlled by breathing; important to be in highest position for abdominal radiography (expiration) |
| Psoas muscles | Form much of the posterior wall of the abdomen on each side of the vertebral column; pair |
| Psoas muscles | Should see outline of _____ _______ on properly exposed abdominal radiograph |
| Primary digestive system | Mouth and pharynx, part of |
| Primary digestive system | Esophagus and stomach, part of |
| Primary digestive system | Large and small intestine, part of |
| Accessory digestive system | Teeth and sailvary glands, part of |
| Accessory digestive system | Liver, pancreas, gall bladder, part of |
| Peritoneal Sac | Double walled sac that encloses the abdominal cavity |
| Parietal layer | Adheres to the abdominal and greater pelvic walls and undersurface of the diaphragm |
| Visceral layer | Adheres to the organs in folds called mesentery and omenta |
| Peritoneal cavity | Narrow space between layers of the peritoneum |
| Stomach | Has two main openings, the cardiac orifice and the pyloric orifice |
| Cardiac orifice | Opening between esophagus and stomach |
| Pyloric orifice | Opening between distal stomach and small intestines |
| Stomach | Has three main subdivisions, the fundus, body, and pyloric antrum (portion) |
| Fundus | Upper portion of the stomach that usually contains air |
| Body | Main portion of the stomach; lies between fundus and pyloric portion |
| Pyloric antrum | Terminal portion of the stomach just prior to the pyloric orifice |
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