Chapter 19: The French Revolution: Napoleon Bonaparte: His Rise and Downfall
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25 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Napoleon Bonaparte was born in Corsica. | his family were minor nobles, but they didn't have much money. |
| At age nine he was sent to France to train for a military career. | -> when the French Revolution began he was eager to make a name for himself. |
| He rose to power very quickly. | Yup |
| Instead of being a General, with a military career, he began a new career as a political leader. | He overthrew the Directory in 1799. soon took the title First Consul. set up a 3 man board called the Consulate. |
| coup d'état | the sudden overthrow of a government. |
| In 1804 Napoleon took the title Emperor of the French. | at each step on his rise to power, Napoleon held a plebiscite, or ballot, and their support was based largely on his policies and emphasis on order |
| plebiscite | a ballot in which voters say yes or no. |
| Napoleon's Reforms: | restored economic prosperity to France. controlled prices. built roads and canals educated people by creating a system of public schools. |
| made peace with the Catholic Church. | signed the Concordat of 1801, which said: the Catholic Church in France will stay under state control religious freedom for all Catholics. |
| Napoleonic code | longest lasting reform. law code. undid some of the reforms of the Revolution. embodied Enlightenment principal. women lost most of their rights. It helped Napoleon win support across class lines. |
| From 1804 to 1814, Napoleon spent much time on the Battlefield. | very affective in the way he uses his army. developed new plans for each battle. even his enemies gave tribute to his leadership. |
| By 1810 The Grand Empire reached its peak. | It sure did. =) |
| As Napoleon created his empire he re-drew the map of France. | the changes that he makes, made the map look different because he annexed, or added, new territory to France. abolished the Holy Roman Empire. redid and replaced with the Confederation of the Rhine. cut Prussia in half and took half. |
| annexed/annex territory. | to add territory onto an existing state or territory. |
| Napoleon put his friends and relatives on the thrones of Europe. | He also forced alliances on European powers. |
| Britain remained outside Napoleon's Empire. | their Navy kept Napoleon from invading. attacked their commerce instead. imposed the Continental System closed European ports to British goods, with which Britain responded with a blockade; it failed to break Britain but it intensified resentment against the French in Europe. |
| blockade | to shut off a port to block things from coming in and out. |
| Napoleon's successes also planted the seed to his defeat. | nationalism spread throughout Europe, and led to revolts against France. people dislike the Continental System which closed all ports to and from Europe. |
| In Spain, there was resistance to foreign rule. | Spain's king was replaced by Joseph Bonaparte. many Spaniards remained faithful to their former king. If they resisted the were repressed by the French, which intensified their efforts to take down Napoleon. |
| guerrilla warfare. | small hit and run raids.( this tactic kept the French troops busy when Napoleon needed them elsewhere.) |
| Austria once again became hostile against the French. | in 1805 Napoleon won a victory against Austro-Russian forces, but they sought revenge in 1809, but unfortunately Napoleon won again. A peace agreement followed, although the loss of the battle was losing land with 3 million people living on it |
| In 1810 Napoleon married an Austrian princess, Marie Louise. | now had a kinship with Austria. |
| Napoleon's ties to Austria were particularly upsetting to the czar of Russia. | Alexander I was the czar at the time |
| In 1812, more than 400,000 soldiers invaded Russia. | Russians are going to use scorched earth policy. set all their crops and houses on fire to leave the French out during the winter and so they have no food while their retreating. |
| Napoleon, when in Moscow, Russia he realized he was not going to survive the winter with the soldiers so they retreated home. | Thus caused Napoleon to suffer through a terrible winter |
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