Hutch History 4
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102 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 The Onager | This was a giant catapult used to hurl boulders or burnign materials. |
| The Ballista | This is a giant crossbow. It could fire flaming arrows, arrows and metal bolts. |
| The Siege Tower | The tower was built taller that the walls of the city under siege. It could be rolled on logs toward the wall. |
| The Battering Ram | It was a triangle thing that had a log in the middle of it and could be swung and would hit the walls and break them. |
| The Trireme | This was the Carthaginians war ship. it had a giant sail and oars/oarsmen. It could go very fast. |
| How did the Roman's feel about the people who lived beyond the frontier line. | That they were uncivilized. |
| The Roman military was broken into two parts the________________ and the____________________. | The Republic/volunteer army and the imperial/profesional army. |
| What qualifications did you need to get into the army? | A Roman citizen, In good physical condition and 5'10" tall. |
| Who were the auxiliaries? | They were the forces from the frontier and the other provinces. |
| What is the leader of a legion? | The Legate |
| How many men in a legion? | 4,000 to 6,000 |
| What is the leader of a cohort? | A tribune |
| How many people in a cohort? | 400 to 600 |
| What is the leader of a century? | A Centurions |
| How many people in the a century? | 66 to 100 |
| How many legions were there? | 28 to 33 |
| What was the highest rank one could have? | Centurion |
| What was a standard? | It was a pole or staff with symbols attached. |
| What animal was the symbol of the legions? | Eagle |
| What is the eagles latin name? | Aquila |
| What does S.P.Q.R mean? | Seratus Populusques Romanus |
| True or False, Every group of men had their own standard? | True |
| What word do we get from "sal" and what did it mean in the Roman army? | We got Salary. It meant soldiers pay. their pay was a ration of salt. |
| How long did it take them to set up camp each night? | 3-4 hours |
| how far did they march each day? | 18 miles |
| How much did their packs weigh? | 60-80 pounds |
| What eight things would they do to set up their camps? | 1. determine suitable location. 2. Mark corners with different color flags. 3. Dig a ditch around perimeter and make a mound with the dirt. 4. Build lookout towers 5.Make two main paths through the center of camp 6. Leather tents were pitched for legionairs 7. Pointed stakes put into the mounds 8. The legatus had their HQ in middle of camp. |
| What does Carpe Dien mean? | Seize the day, enjoy the moment. |
| What does Felix qui nihil debet mean? | Happy is he who owes nothing. |
| What does Caveat viator mean? | Let the traveler beware. |
| What does In principio mean? | In the beginning. |
| What does 'E Pluribus unum mean? | Out of many one. |
| What does Cogito Ergo sum mean? | I think therefor I am. |
| What does Et Catera mean | And the rest. |
| What does Veni, Vedi, Vici mean? | I came, I saw, I conquered. |
| What does Respice, adspice, prospice mean? | Look to the past, look to the present, look to the future. |
| What does Quid pro quo mean | This for that. |
| What does Ispo facto mean? | By the fact itself. |
| What does Ram et Ipsa scientia postesta est mean? | For knowledge itself is power. |
| What does Leve fit quod bene fertur onus mean? | Light is the loade that is cheerily borne. |
| What does Ave, Ceasar morturi te salutamus! mean? | Hail Caesar, those who are about to die salute you! |
| What does Pro mundi beneficio mean? | For the benefit of the world. |
| What does Ars et longa vita brevis mean? | Art is long, life is short. |
| What does hominish est errave mean? | To error is human. |
| What person started the 2nd Punic war? | Hannibal Barca |
| Who took the Carthagian army to spain? | Himilcar Barca |
| How old was Hannibal then? | 9 |
| What brought Spain and Carthage closer together? | Hannibal married a spanish princess |
| What act started the war? | Hannibal attached the port city of `. |
| What did Hannibal have his brother do? | He had his brother go to the Pyrenees Mts. and light bon fires to trick the Romans to think that the entire army is in the Mts. |
| What was his brothers name? | Hasdrubal Barca |
| How many people did Hannibal start with? | 40,000 |
| How many elephants? | 38 |
| List the Geography features that he crossed. | Pyrenees Mts., France, Rhone River, Alps. |
| How many foot soldiers made it through? | 20,000 |
| How many elephants made it to Italy? | 0 maybe 1 |
| How many calvary made it? | 6,000 |
| Are all numbers the same from different sources? | No |
| Did Hannibal win every battle he fought? | No |
| Who won the battle of Cannae? | Hannibal |
| How did he win this battle? | He attacked the Romansform the side and took out all the troops on the sides and worked towards the middle. |
| Who won the battle of lake trasmine? | Hannibal |
| How did he win this? | The Romans were 3 miles long and 4 across this made it hard to run. Hannibal came down the sides of the valley and attacked. |
| How did Hannibal maintain the size of his army? | He got volunteers from Europe. |
| How did he feed his troops? | Steeling food from defeated armies and from local farmers. |
| Why didn't Hannibal attack Rome? | He didn't realize that he had killed all of the troops that were supposed to defend Rome. |
| How many years did Hannibal fight on the Italian Peninsula? | 12-15 years |
| How were the Romans going to try to get Hannibal out of Italy? | They were going to pull back all of there armies. This would suspend their major food source. |
| What Roman general decided to go to Spain and attack the Carthaginians there? | Cornelius Scipio |
| Who was the Carthaginian leader in Spain? | Hasdrubal |
| What happened when he attacked Hasdrubal in spain? | Hasdrubal army was destroyed and he was killed. |
| What message did Hannibal receive after the battle in spain? | His brother's head and that the Romans were going to attack Carthage. |
| What did Hannibal do after receiving the message? | He went back to Carthage. |
| Did the entire army go back to Carthage with Hannibal? | No |
| Who won the battle in Carthage? | The Romans |
| What was this battles name? | The battle of Zama. |
| What did Hannibal try to do right before the battle. | He tried to surrender? |
| Did it work? | No |
| What did the Carthaginians have to give up? | The entire fleet of war ships, the control of the trade routes and a large amount of money. |
| What did they do after all of this was done? | Sign a treaty between Rome and Carthage. |
| What happend in the 3rd punic war? | Rome attacked Carthage. They said that the Carthaginians had started the conflict. Rome trying to destroy them, tried to demolish them. They did not go down easily. It took the Romans 3 years to finish them off. 50,000 people were sold into slavery and the rest died in battle. Rome through salt on the land so they could never plant anything ever again. |
| What was the real reason for the punic wars? | The reason is the trade routes |
| What 5 areas did Carthage rule at this time? | Mediterranean, Spain, Sicily, Sardina and Corsica. |
| Before the first Punic what had the Romans accomplished? | They had conquered the Etruscans, various people in Italy and the Greeks in Southern Italy. |
| How many stages were the Punic wars fought in? | 3 |
| What does "punic" mean in latin? | Phoenicians |
| Why was the city of Carthage established? | It was established because the Phoenicians need a port to stop and get out of bad weather. |
| Where did the first Punic start? | It started in Messina |
| What island is Messina on? | Sicily |
| Are the Romans better in land or sea battles? | Land |
| Are the Carthaginians better in land or sea battles? | Water |
| What changed this? | The discovery of a Carthaginian war ship. It had washed up on shore. |
| In _________ months the Romans build ___________ ships? | In 3 months, 100 ships |
| The Romans designed device called? | The Corvus or Raven. |
| What did this device do? | It would gook onto enemy ship so the Romans could board and make it into a land battle. |
| How wide was this device and how long? | 3 feet wide and 15 to 30 feet long. |
| What was under the plank and what did it do? | There was a metal spike under the plank and it would stab onto the deck and would firmly attach. |
| What was the ORIGINAL fighting philosophy of the Romans? | It was to board the enemy ships, take all of the goods and take the people. |
| What was the fighting philosophy of the Carthaginians? | To ram and sink |
| Why did they take the people on the ships aswell? | They took them because sailors lasted much longer than land soldiers because they were used to the sea. |
| How long did the first Punic war last? | 23 years |
| How long did the third Punic war last? | 3 years |
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