Fluids electrolytes and acid base balance 1
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Created by:
tjudkins Plus on April 24, 2012
Subjects:
anatomy physiology fluids acid base
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56 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 intracellular | Two thirds of the body's fluid volume is in the ?? compartment |
| extracellular | ?? fluid is the fluid outside of cells |
| plasma interstitial | ?? and ?? fluid are the two subdivisions of the extracellular compartment |
| 60 40 | ??% of body weight is water which is about ?? L of water |
| 40 25 | ??% of this fluid is intracellular, which is about ?? L of water |
| 12 | ?? L of extracellular fluid is interstitial fluid |
| 3 | ? L of extracellular fluid is plasma |
| universal | Water is the ?? solvent |
| electrolytes | ?? are inorganic salts, all acids and bases, and some proteins |
| nonelectrolytes | ?? are solutes that like glucose, lipids, creatinine, and urea |
| osmotic | Water moves according to ?? gradients |
| distinct pattern | Each fluid compartment has a ?? ?? of electrolytes |
| sodium chloride | In extracellular fluids ?? is the chief cation with ?? as the major anion |
| potassium phosphate | In intracellular fluid, ?? is the chief cation, and ?? is the chief anion |
| sodium chloride | Intracellular fluid is low on ?? and ?? |
| .9 | Normal saline solution (isotonic) is ??% saline |
| osmolality ADH | Increases in plasma ?? trigger hypothalamic thirst centers and release ??? |
| insensible | Water lost through respiration, sweating, and defecation is called ?? losses |
| 1500 | ???? ml is the normal daily intake of water |
| 1500 | ???? ml is the normal output in urine daily |
| osmoreceptors hypothalamus | ?? in the ?? control the release of ADH |
| posterior pituitary | Hypothalamus stimulates the ?? ?? to release the ADH |
| sodium osmolality | Increased ?? concentrations in plasma and increased ?? trigger the hypothalamus to increase BP |
| volume | The hypothalamus increases BP by increasing blood ?? |
| concentrated | Release of ADH cause the urine to be ?? |
| hypotonic hydration | ?? ?? is water intoxication or cellular overhydration which can be caused by renal insufficiency or over ingestion of water |
| edema | ?? is atypical accumulation of fluid in the interstitial space causing tissue swelling |
| osmotic | ?? pressure causes the cellular issues for hypo and hyperhydration |
| ingestion | Salts enter the body by ?? and are eliminated is the normal fashion |
| sodium | Aldosterone retains ?? in the body |
| adrenal glands | Aldosterone is a steroid hormone manufactured in the ?? ?? |
| baroreceptors | ?? alert the brain to changed in BP |
| dilate rise sodium water | To reduce BP, the brain causes the afferent arterioles to ?? causing the GFR to ?? and ?? and ?? output increases |
| pressure diuresis | Increased urine output caused by increased BP is called ?? ?? |
| sodium | Since sodium concentration in blood determines blood volume, the baroreceptors can be considered ?? receptors |
| increase NaCl | Estrogen caused BP to ?? by enhancing ?? reabsorption by renal tubules |
| decreases | Progesterone ?? sodium reabsorption |
| reabsorption | glucocorticoids enhance ?? of sodium |
| disrupt | hyperkalemia and hypokalemia can ?? electrical conduction in the heart |
| potassium leaves | When hydrogen ions shift into a cell, a corresponding ?? ?? the cell |
| cortical collecting ducts | K+ balance is controlled in the ?? ?? ?? by changing the amount of K+ secreted into the filtrate |
| potassium ion secretion | Aldosterone stimulates ?? ?? ?? by principal cells |
| Na K | In cortical collecting ducts, for each ?? reabsorbed, a ? is secreted |
| sodium | Cl follows ?? in the body under normal conditions |
| acidosis | Few Cl ions are reabsorbed when body is in ?? |
| 7.4 7.35 | Normal arterial blood has a pH of ?? where venous blood has a pH of ??? because CO2 is acidic |
| alkalosis | ?? is when arterial blood has a pH above 7.45 |
| acidosis | ?? is when arterial blood has a pH lower than 7.35 |
| phosphoric | ?? acid results from protein breakdown |
| lactic | ?? acid results from glucose breakdown |
| ketone bodies | ?? ?? result from the breakdown of fat |
| bicarbonate | Hydrogen ions are released when ?? combines with CO2 for transport |
| nucleic | ?? acid is turned into uric acid in the urine |
| 6.0 | Normal urine has a pH of ?? |
| acidic | Most food is ?? |
| alkaline | Most veggies are ?? |
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