Microbiology
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Created by:
jessvilla12 on April 24, 2012
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67 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Selective media | Medium that allows growth of certain types of bacteria while permitting growth of another, bacterial isolation |
| Differential media | Medium that allows one to distinguish between different microorganisms based on a difference in colony appearance (color, shape, or growth pattern) on a colony |
| Enriched medium | Highly nutritious material (blood, serum, yeast) |
| Cocci | Spherical in shape |
| Diplo | pair |
| Staphlyococcus | Cluster |
| Tetrad | packets of 4 |
| Sarcina | Packets of 8 |
| Streptococcus | Chain |
| Bacilli | Rod shaped |
| Streptobacillus | Chain |
| Diplobacillus | Pair |
| Spiral | rigid or flexible |
| Vibrios | curved rod |
| Spirilla | helical and rigid |
| Spirochetes | helical and flexiable |
| Selective agars | Phenylethyl alcohol, Crystal violet, 7.5% sodium chloride agar. |
| Phenylethyl alcohol agar | PEA gram positive used for isolation of most gram positive organisms. |
| Crystal violet agar | Gram negative, inhibitory effect on most gram positive organisms. |
| 7.5% sodium chloride agar | Nonhalophilic, inhibitory, staphylococcus |
| differential/selective medium | MacConkeys agar is a good example of this because it contains bile salts and crystal violet which inhibit gram positive organisms and allow gram negatives to grow. |
| Differential media | contains lactose |
| Mannitol salt agar | yellow means mannitol positive, pink means/ carbohydrate mannitol. Staphylococci exhibit yellow zone surrounding their growth. Change in coloration |
| MacConkeys agar | gram negative, Either lactose negative or lactose positive, Salmonella |
| Coliform bacilli | Becomes red |
| Eosin-methylene blue agar | Only e.coli turns metallic green |
| Enterobacter aerogenes | Produce thick mucoid, pink colonies |
| Enriched media | media that have been supplemented with highly nutritious material, blood serum, yeast. |
| Gamma | No lysis |
| Alpha | Incomplete lysis |
| Beta | Complete lysis |
| TSI Triple sugar-iron test | designed to differentiate among the different groups of genera of the enterobacteriaceae, which are all gram negative bacilli caple of fermenting glucose with production of acid. |
| Alkaline slant | Red/yellow, alkaline/acid |
| Acid slant | Yellow/yellow, Acid/Acid |
| Alkaline slant | No carbohydrate fermentation, Red/Red or orange, Alkaline/Alkaline or Alkaline/No change |
| Entterobacteriaceae | groups of bacteria that are found in the intertinal tract of humans and lower mammals are classified as these members. |
| Pathogens | Salmonella and Shigella |
| Ocasional pathogens | Proteus and Klebsiella |
| Normal intestinal flora | Escherichia and Enterobacter |
| SIM | Sulfur indole motility agar |
| Indole test | 1/2 stab SIM (deep), cherry red, 24-48 hours |
| Methyl Red test | E. coli and E aerogenes. pH range of 4 positive and is red |
| Methyl Red test | pH range of 6 means negative and is yellow |
| Citrate | green to deep prussian blue |
| Citrate positive culture | Identified by the presence of growth on the surface of the slant and is accompanied by blue color. |
| Citrate negative culture | Will show no growth and the medium and remain green |
| H2S | Forming an insoluble black ferrous sulfide precipitate that is seen along the line of the stab inoculation and in indicative of H2S production. |
| Urease test | urease, alkaline, deep pink |
| Catalase test | Hydrogen peroxide will bubble if positive, No bubble if negative. |
| Phenylalanine deaminase test | ammonia, green means positive, No color means negative. |
| Chemotheraputic agents | Chemical substance that destroy or inhibit the growth of microorganisms in living tissue. |
| Antiseptics | Chemical substance used on living tissue |
| Disinfectants | used on nonliving materials |
| Cresols | Lysol solution 2% to 5%, poisonous and must be used externally. Similar to phenol. |
| Alcohols | 70% to kill stuff |
| Iodine | Tincture of iodine, iodine suspended in alcohol |
| Concentration | Influences its effects on microorganisms with higher concentrations producing a more rapid death. |
| length of exposure | All microbes are not destroyed within the same exposure time. Sensitive forms are destroyed more rapidly that resistant ones. |
| Environmental conditions | Conditions under which a disinfectant or antiseptic affects the chemical agent, Temperature, pH. type of material on which microorganisms exist. |
| Normal skin flora | Skin has staphylococci, streptococci, enterococci, diptheroid, bacilli, yeast and fungus. |
| Genitourinary tract | trichomonas, Uti |
| Blood agar | Golden color, Strep and staph |
| Chocolate agar | gonorrhea, pink |
| Mueller Hinton | Black and diphtheria |
| MSA | Staph and yellow, pigmented or non pigmented |
| Sabouraud | yeast |
| Phenol coefficient | Is determined by dividing the highest dilution of the chemical being tested that destroyed the microorganism in 10 minutes. |
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