Unit III AP Euro IDs: Groups E, F, G, H
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22 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 The Diet (Sejm) | Poland's central legislative body including only nobles. |
| Liberum Veto (Exploding the Diet) | Opposition from any one of the members of the Sejm would require the body to disband. |
| Noble liberty chaos | Other countries took advantage of the liberum veto through bribery, which eventually led to the disappearance of Poland in the late 1700s. |
| John III Sobieski | King of Poland, led Poland to rescue Vienna from a Turkish siege. |
| Bohemia-Austria-Hungary | Austrian Habsburgs consolidated power within hereditary possessions outside of the Holy Roman Empire, including Bohemia and Austria-Hungary. |
| Thirty Years' War | It marked a mental turning point in history of Austrian Habsburgs. They were previously in alliance with Spain and hoped to bring all of Germany under their control, but failed. |
| War vs. Turks | Leopold I resisted advances of the Ottoman Empire. |
| Magyars | Hungarian nobles that were mostly Calvinist and wanted to rebel. |
| Leopold I | King of Austria; resisted Turkish invasions |
| War of Spanish Succession | Wars between France and England to claim Spain after Charles II's death. England had a huge advantage in finance and strength, but France won anyways. |
| Austrian Netherlands and Lombardy | In the Treaty of Rastadt (1714), Austria received the former Spanish Netherlands and Lombardy in Northern Italy. |
| Charles VI | Succeeded Joseph I; he had no male heir, so he created the Pragmatic Sanction (1711-1740). |
| Pragmatic Sanction (1713) | Charles VI' had no male heir, so he created the Pragmatic Sanction, which provided the legal basis for a single line of inheritance and allowed his daughter, Maria Theresa, to succeed him. |
| Westernization | Peter the Great went to west Europe and liked it a lot. He decided to try to Westernize Russia. |
| The Great Embassy | Peter's trip to the west (1697-1698) with hundreds of technical advisors. |
| St. Petersburg | Peter founded the new capital city of St. Petersburg in 1703 on the Gulf of Finland, where he constructed government buildings and got the boyars to build town houses. |
| Table of Ranks | Peter published this, which equated a person's social position and privileges with rank in bureaucracy/military. |
| Streltsy | The guards of the Moscow garrison who opposed Peter and supported his sisters. They rebelled in 1698 but lost. |
| Senate and College | Peter created departments called colleges to oversee government affairs. The leaders of the colleges had to be loyal to Peter. |
| Holy Synod | Peter replaced the Russian Orthodox Church with the Holy Synod, a government department which governed the church according to the tsar's secular requirements. It was the most radical transformation of a traditional institution during his reign. |
| Old Believers | Orthodox people that separated from the Russian Orthodox Church who protested against the church reforms. |
| Great Northern War (Narva and Poltava) | Wars between Russia and Sweden; Sweden (Charles XII) led Sweden to a victory at Narva, but Peter strengthened his forces and won in Poltava. Russia obtained an ice-free port. |
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