| Term | Definition |
|---|
| anaphase | mitotic stage where chromosomes separate at the centromeres |
| asters | microtubles and fibers that radiate our from centrioles |
| asexual reproduction | reproduction involving only one parent |
| blastula | hollow ball of cells formed during the early stages of embryological develpoment |
| centromere | part of the chromosomes where the chromatids are joined together |
| centriole | in animal cells, a cytoplasmic organelle that organizes the mitotic spindle fibers during cell reproduction |
| chromatid | one of the two strands that make up chromosomes |
| chromatin | the coils of DNA and protein that condense to form chromosomes |
| chromosome | distinct wormlike structures formed from chromatin during cell reprduction |
| crossing-over | an exchange of chromosomal material between homologus pairs |
| cytokenesis | cytoplasmic divison that follows division of the nucleus |
| diploid | having two of each chromosome |
| DNA replication | the process of doubling the DNA that occurs before mitosis |
| germ cells | the only cells that can undergo miosis, found in sex organs |
| haploid | half the number of diploid chromosomes |
| homologous pair | in diploid cells, a pair of identical chromosomes |
| meiosis | cell division to produce sex cells |
| metaphase | the stage of mitosis where duplicated chromosomes line up along the center of the mitotic spindle |
| microtubules | tiny tubes that make up most of a cell's cytoskeleton |
| mitosis | dupication and division of chromosomesand nucleus during cell reproduction |
| oogenesis | the meiotic process that results in the formation of eggs |
| ovum | one egg |
| polyploid | having more than the diploid number of chromosomes |
| prophase | the first stage of mitosis when chromosomes form chromatin and the nuclear membrane is absorbed |
| reduction division | cell division that occurs in meiosis and results in haploid cells |
| sexual reproduction | reproduction requiring two parents |
| somatic cells | body cells, (cells other than germ cells) |
| spermatogenesis | the meiotic process that results in the formation of sperm cells |
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