AP Psych Unit 13: Social Psychology
About this set
Created by:
maddilynn3 on April 26, 2012
Log in to favorite or report as inappropriate.
Order by
38 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 social psychology | the scientific study of how we think about, influence, and relate to one another |
| attribution theory | theory that we explain someone's behavior by crediting either the situation or the person's disposition |
| fundamental attribution error | tendency for observers, when analyzing another's behavior, to underestimate the impact of the situation and to overestimate the impact of personal disposition |
| central route to persuasion | occurs when interested people focus on the arguments and respond with favorable thoughts |
| peripheral route to persuasion | occurs when people are influenced by incidental cues, such as a speaker's attractiveness |
| foot-in-the-door phenomenon | tendency for people who have first agreed to a small request to comply later with a larger request |
| role | a set of explanations about a social position, defining how those in that position ought to act |
| cognitive dissonance theory | theory that we act to reduce the discomfort we feel when 2 of our thoughts are inconsistent |
| conformity | adjusting one's behaviors or thinking to coincide with a group standard |
| normative social influence | influence resulting from a person's desire to gain approval or avoid disapproval |
| informational social influence | influence resulting from one's willingness to accept |
| social facilitation | stronger responses on simple or well-learned tasks in the presence of others |
| social loafing | tendency for people in a group to exert less effort when pooling their efforts towards attaining a common goal than when individually responsible |
| deindividuation | the loss of self-restraint and self-awareness occurring in group situations that foster arousal and anonymity |
| group polarization | the enhancement of a group's prevailing inclinations through discussion within the group |
| group think | mode of thinking that occurs when the desire for harmony in a decision-making group overrides a realistic appraisal of alternatives |
| prejudice | an unjustifiable attitude toward a group and its members; generally involves stereotypes, negative feelings, and predisposition to discriminatory action |
| ingroup | "us"--people with whom we share a common identity |
| outgroup | "them"--those perceived as different or apart from our ingroup |
| ingroup bias | tendency to favor our own group |
| scapegoat theory | the theory that prejudice offers an outlet for anger by providing someone to blame |
| other-race effect | tendency to recall faces of one's own race more accurately than faces of other races |
| aggression | any physical or verbal behavior intended to hurt |
| frustration-aggression principle | principle that frustration, the blocking of an attempt to achieve a goal, creates anger, which can generate aggression |
| mere-exposure effect | phenomenon that repeated exposure to novel stimuli increases liking of them |
| passionate love | an aroused state of intense positive absorption in another, usually present at the beginning of a relationship |
| companionate love | deep affectionate attachment we feel for those with whom our lives are intertwined |
| equity | a condition in which people receive from a relationship what they give to it |
| self-disclosure | revealing intimate aspects of oneself |
| altruism | unselfish regard for the wlfare of others |
| bystander effect | the tendency for any given bystander to be less likely to give aid if other bystanders are present |
| social exchange theory | theory that our social behavior is an exchange process, the aim of which is to maximize benefits and minimize costs |
| reciprocity norm | an expectation that people will help, not hurt those who have helped them |
| social-responsibility norm | an expectation that people will help those dependent on them |
| conflict | a perceived incompatibility of actions, goals, or ideas |
| social traps | a situation in which the conflicting parties, by each rationally pursuing their self-interest, become caught in destructive behavior |
| mirror-image perceptions | mutual views often held by conflicting people, as when each side sees itself as ethical and peaceful and views that other side as evil and aggressive |
| subordinate goals | shared goals that override differences among people and require their cooperation |
First Time Here?
Welcome to Quizlet, a fun, free place to study. Try these flashcards, find others to study, or make your own.