| Term | Definition |
| nucleus | control center, contains DNA |
| nucleolus | makes ribosomes, inside nucleus |
| ribosomes | help makes protein |
| rough ER | help make proteins: ribosomes attached to surface |
| smooth ER | enzyme production as well as breaks down toxins (liver) |
| mitochondria | makes ATP (cell energy) cristae is folds; matrix is fluid inside; 2 membranes |
| golgi apparatus | packages, modifies, sorts proteins for shipment in vesicles; makes lysosomes |
| vacuoles | storage bubbles for nutrients |
| chloroplasts | help with photosynthesis; 2 membranes |
| peroxisomes | break down toxic substances |
| lysosomes | break down toxic substances |
| vaults | carry messenger RNA to ribosomes for instructions |
| cytoplasm | what everything floats in |
| cytoskeleton | protein fibers that help with meiosis and mitosis; give cell shape |
| cell wall (plant only!) | keeps shape, protects cell |
| cell membrane | controls substances in and out of cell |