| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Nucleus | Control center of the cell, Contains DNA and Intructiors for making proteins. Contains chromitin to form chromozones |
| Vaults | Transport molecules, such as RNT from the nucleus to parts of the cytoplasm. |
| Ribosomes | Take one amino acid at a time and build long protein chaings. Free ribosomes float throughout the cytoplasm. Used to make proteins fro inside the cell. Attached ribosomes are attached to the Rough ER. Make proteins for outside the cell and inside the cell. |
| Rough ER | involved in making proteins and other materials that are exported from the cell; Ribosomes are found on its surface |
| Smooth ER | contains enzymes that detoxify and process chemicals (liver); NO Ribosomes on its surface. |
| Golgi Apparatus | Pacages and transport proteins from the ER for the storage in the cell of to export outside of the cell. MATERIAL ARE PACKAGED IN VESICLES!! |
| Lysosomes | are a type of vesicle that contain digestive enzymes-digest lipids, carbs etc. Lysosomes recycles material by breaking down worn-out parts of a cell into smaller units. Plants do not have Lysosomes. Lysosomes are also known as "sucide bag" |
| Peroxisomes | Break down various substances, found in liver and kidney cells. |
| Mitochondria | takes in nutrients, breaks them down, and creates energy for the cell (ATP). Process is called cellular Respiration. Has 2 membranes. Out membrane covers the organelle and the inner membrane folds over many time. Fluid inside the mitochondria is called the matrix |
| Centrioles | found close to the nucleus. Made of hollow tubular structures arranged in a bundle. Cytoskeleton provideds structural support to the cell. |
| Cell Membrane | surrounds the cell and its CYTOPLASM. It controls movement of substances in and out of the cell and separates internal metabolic events from the external enviroment. It is made up of phospholipid bilayer. |
| Cytoplasm | is the semi-fluid surrounded by the Cell Membrane. Contains all of the cell organelles and cytosol. It is made up of 65% of water. |
| Cytoskeleton | made up of protein filaments that helps support the cell; connetc to every organelle and every part of the membrane. It has 2 parts. Micro Filaments-made of actin that helps the cell move. Micro tubules-made of tubulins that keeps the shape of the cell, helps in cell division |
| Vacuoles | storage bubbles. They are both found in plant and animal cells. Vacuoles might store water, salts, proteins, carbs etc. that the cell would need to survive. They are much larger in animal cells. Central Vacuoles play an important role in plant structure-turgor |
| Cell Wall | made up of cellulose and are only found in plant cells; helps a plant keeps it shape. |
| Chloroplasts | are the food producers of a plant cells. Every green plant you see is working to convert the engery of the sun into sugars. This happens in the chloroplasts. |
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