Brain Regions
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Created by:
Tiggersk82 on April 29, 2012
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Exam 3
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31 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Subventricular zone | ongoing neurogenesis supplies olfactory bulb |
| Dentate gyrus | ongoing neurogenesis supplies hippocampus |
| striatum | motor learning involved in PD interruption causes Parkinson's symptoms |
| cerebellum | motor learning |
| amygdala | emotional learning crossroads for sensory input projections to brainstem and forebrain through stria terminalis and ventral amygdalafugal pathways very involved in addiction through pERK (attenuated by NMDA) lateral = conditioned fear |
| hippocampus | declarative learning memory supplied with new neurons by dentate gyrus place learning |
| caudate nucleus | response learning atrophy in Huntington's Disease |
| reticular activating system | sustained attention, alertness, arousal sleep cause wakefulness and REM sleep inactivity for non-REM sleep |
| frontal lobe functions | motor, premotor, prefrontal |
| prefrontal area regions | dorsolateral prefrontal orbitofrontal mesial frontal/anterior cingulate |
| premotor area regions | frontal eye fields Broca's area |
| motor cortex | motor control for contralateral body inputs from premotor and supplementary motor cortices beginning of corticospinal pathway crosses at decussation pyramid |
| ocularmotor frontal eye fields | just anterior to premotor cortex allows you to resist looking at stimulus conscious control |
| Broca's area | language production with damage, can still comprehend but can't talk |
| dorsolateral prefrontal cortex | executive memory and problem solving how many uses for bricks? damage causes dysexecutive syndrome |
| dysexecutive syndrome | damage to dorsolateral prefrontal cortex can't reason or problem solve |
| mesial frontal cortex | involved in initiation of movement and speech damage causes akinetic syndrome and expressive aphasia selects correct response |
| akinetic syndrome | damage to mesial frontal cortex can't initiate movement or speech |
| orbitofrontal cortex | primarily involved in personality involved in reward and pleasure damage causes loss of social politeness and such (pseudopsychopathic syndrome) |
| pseudopsychopathic syndrome | damage to orbitofrontal cortex behaviorally disinhibited |
| Wernicke's area | speech comprehension |
| parietal lobe | reading contralateral neglect syndrome lesion if can't express emotion filters out information |
| visuoperceptual cortex | higher order visual processing dorsal = where ventral = what |
| limbic system | amygdala, hippocampus, hypothalamus, nucleus accumbens, and cingulate cortex |
| raphe nucleus | has serotonergic projections to amygdala and PFC activity increases after shock active in wakefulness |
| reward pathway | ventral tegmental area to nucleus accumbens |
| temporal lobe | inability to recognize objects or faces lesion of left causes amplified negative emotional responses |
| SCN | receives light sensor input from retina part of thalamus part of circadian rhythm projects to the pineal gland, but goes down into the spinal cord on the way |
| locus coeruleus | noradrenergic neurons activate REM off |
| intrastriatal pathway | posture and movement inhibited by nigrostratal DA neurons |
| nigrostriatal pathway | posture and movement deficient in PD inhibits intrastriatal pathway |
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