Human Biology Chapter 1
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39 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Cells | Basic unit of living things and all living things are made of these |
| Unicellular | Organisms made of only one cell |
| Multicellular | Organisms made of many cells |
| Tissue | A group of similar cells that work together to perform a particular function |
| Epithelial tissue | Tissue that covers all the inner and outer surfaces of your body |
| Nerve tissue | Tissue that functions as a messaging system |
| Muscle tissue | Tissue that aids in movement |
| Connective tissue | Tissue that holds body parts together, provides support, protection, strength, padding, and insulation |
| Organs | Made of two or more types of tissue that work together to carry out a fuction in the body |
| Organ system | A group of organs that together perform a function that helps the body meet its needs for energy and materials |
| Homeostasis | The ability of your body to maintain internal conditions such as temperature, posture, and sugar in your blood |
| Compact bone | Covers the outside of bone and is hard and tough |
| Spongy bone | The inside of bone which is strong but has spaces inside so it is lightweight |
| Red marrow | Found at the end of long bones and produces red blood cells |
| Yellow marrow | Found in the middle of long bones and stores fat |
| Axial skeleton | Central part of the human skeleton |
| Appendicular skeleton | Attaches to the axial skeleton and allows movement |
| Growth plates | Made of cartilage, where bones grow. Cartilage is replaced by hard bone. |
| Joint | A place where two parts of the skeleton meet |
| Immovable joint | The joints found in your skull, and are not able to move |
| Slightly movable joints | Joints that are able to flex slightly. These are found in your ribs. |
| Freely movable joints | Joints that allow your body to bend and move |
| Muscular system | Works with the skeletal system to allow movement |
| Skeletal muscle | The muscles attached to your skeleton that allow voluntary movement |
| Slow-twitch muscles | The muscles that move slowly and do not tire easily |
| Quick-twitch muscles | The muscles that move quickly and tire easily |
| Smooth muscle | Found inside organs and perform automatic movement |
| Cardiac muscle | Involuntary muscle found in your heart, and never tires |
| Ligaments | Attach bone to bone |
| Tendons | Strong tissue that attaches muscle to bone |
| Cells, tissue, organs, organ systems, organism | Q-What are the levels of organization within the body, in order from smallest to largest? |
| Growth plates | Q-The length of arms and legs depend on... |
| Adolescence | Q-When do most bones stop growing? |
| Break | Q-The less mass a bone has, the more likely it is to... |
| Hinge joints | Q-What type of freely movable joints are found in your knee and elbow? |
| One direction | Q-Hinge joints allow movement in,,, |
| Pivot joints | Q-What type of freely movable joints are found in the neck? |
| Ball and socket joints | Q-What type of freely movable joints are found in the shoulder and hips? |
| Circular movement | Q-What type of movement do ball and socket joints allow? |
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