chapter 18- 5 steps to 5 ap
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17 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 diffusion of responsibility | reduction in sense of responsibility often felt by individuals in a group; may be responsible for the bystander effect |
| social cognition | the processes by which people come to understand others |
| dispositional factors | Personal factors of the individual being the main explanation for their behaviour |
| situational factors | environmental stimuli that affect a person's behavior. |
| self-fulfilling prophecy | an expectation that causes you to act in ways that make that expectation come true. |
| Social Group | people sharing some social relation |
| Bystander intervention | the act of helping strangers in an emergency situation |
| actor-observer bias | tendency to attribute behavior of others to dispositional factors and our own behavior to situational ones in a comparison |
| out group homogeneity | tendency to view all individuals outside our group as highly similar |
| contact theory | idea that prejudice can be reduced by increasing contact with those that are different |
| jigsaw classroom | A classroom setting designed to reduce prejudice and raise the self-esteem of children by placing them in small, desegregated groups and making each child dependent on the other children in the group to learn the course material and do well in the class |
| compliance | acting according to certain accepted standards |
| elaboration likelihood model | Theory suggesting that there are two routes to attitude change: the central route, which focuses on thoughtful consideration of an argument for change, and the peripheral route, which focuses on less careful, more emotional, and even superficial evaluation. |
| central route of persuasion | the speaker uses facts, figures, and other information to enable listeners to carefully process information and think about their opinions; attitudes changed tend to be more stable |
| peripheral route of persuasion | superficial factors (supermodels and celebrities) used as distractors, leading to less stable change in attitudes. |
| instrumental aggression | Aggression as a means to some goal other than causing pain |
| hostile aggression | Aggression stemming from feelings of anger and aimed at inflicting pain |
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