| Term | Definition |
|---|
| culture | all the shared products of human group |
| society | a group of interdependent people who have organized in such a way as to share a common culure and feeling of unity |
| material culture | physical objects that people create and use eg automobiles, books, buildings, etc. |
| nonmaterial culture | abstract human creations eg beliefs, family patterns, ideas, languages, etc. |
| formal sanctions | a reward of punishment given by a formal organization or regulartory agency |
| informal sanctions | a spontaneous expression of approval or disapproval given by an individual or group |
| socials movement | long-term conscious effort to promote or prevent social change |
| technology | the knowledge and tools that people use to manipulate their environment |
| language | the organization of written or spoken symbols into a standardized system |
| values | shared beliefs about what is good or bad, right or wrong, desireable or undesirable |
| symbols | anything that stands for something else |
| social control | enforcing of norms through either internal or external means |
| diffusion | the process of spreading culture traits from one society to another |
| norms | shared rules of conduct that tell people how to act in specific situations |
| folkways | norms that describe socially acceptable behavior but do not have great moral significance attached to them |
| laws | written rules of conduct enacted and enforced by the government |
| mores | norms that describe socially acceptable behavior and have great moral significance |
| culture trait | simplest level of culture - an individual tool, act or belief that is related to particular situation or need |
| culture complexes | cluster of interrelated culture traits |
| reformulation | the process of adapting borrowed cultural traits |
| culture pattern | combination of a number of culture complexes into an interrelated whole |
| cultural universals | features common to all cultures |
| ethnocentrism | tendency to view one's own culture and group as superior |
| cultural relativism | the belief that cultures should be judged by their own standards rather than by applying the standards of another culture |
| subculture | group that share values, norms, and behaviors that are not shared by the entire population |
| counterculture | group that rejects the major values, norms, and practices of the larger society and replaces them with a new set of culture patterns |
| ideology | system of beliefs or ideas that justifies the social, moral, religious, political, or economic interests through social movements |
| self-fulfillment | commitment to the full development of one's personality, talents and potential |
| narcissism | extreme self-centeredness |
| internalization | process by which a norm becomes a part of an individual's personality and the conditioning that individual to conform to society's expectations |
| sanctions | rewards or punishments used to enforce comformity to norms |
| positive sanctions | an action that rewards a particular kind of behavior |
| negative sanctions | a punishment or the threat of punishment used to enforce conformity |
| cultural lag | when some traits change rapidly, and the transformation of others may take considerable time |
Combine with other sets
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