Mod 8 Micro_purely symptoms
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50 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Actinomyces israelii | chronic, hard, nontender swelling that drains pus. trauma situations (abscessed tooth/appendicitis/wounds) follows sinus tracts. |
| Nocardia asteroides | RTIs in immunocompromised. Can disseminate to form brain/kidney abscesses. |
| Treponema pallidum | 1. hard, painless chancre 2. maculopapular rash on palms and soles, flu-like sxs, photophobia, condylomata lata. dissemination --> meningitis, nephritis. 3. GUMMAS, tabes, paresis, cardiovascular lesions. Congenital: Hutchingson's incisors and mulberry molars |
| Borrelia burgdorferi (Lyme dz) | 1. target-like, painless rash "erythema migrans," flu-like sxs. 2. meningitis, carditis, MSK pn, eye problems, BELL'S PALSY latent up to 3 decades 3. arthritis in large joints |
| Borrelia hermsii/recurrentis | relapsing fever, becomes systemic |
| Leptospira interrogans | infectious phase: conjunctivitis/RED EYES + flu sxs immune phase (high IgM): aseptic meningitis/jaundice (Weil's dz) and renal involvement. Find organisms in urine now. |
| Chlamydia trachomatis A-C | trachoma (conjunctivitis and blindness); caused by finger/fomite to eye. scarring causes eyelashes to turn inward --> vascularization of cornea |
| Chlamydia trachomatis D-K | urethritis/epididymitis/salpingitis, neonatal conjunctivitis and pneumonia. non-ciliated epithelial cells on mucous mem. of urethra, cervix, endometrium, rectum |
| Chlamydia trachomatis L1-L3 | lesions on genitalia, becomes systemic, replicate in mononuclear phagocytes, buboes rupture to form abscesses. Reactive polyarthritis. |
| Chlamydia psittaci | congestion and coughing, infected alveolar macrophages, spread to lungs, blood, spleen, liver and heart. hung out w/ birds |
| Chlamydia pneumoniae | atypical pneumoniae associated w/ CAD |
| Rickettsia rickettsii (Rocky mountain spotted fever) | macule-->petechial rash begins on hands and feet, move to trunk. Vasculitis, edema, hemorrhage, DIC. |
| Coxiella burnetii (Q fever) | inhaled animal poo --> fever, HA, chills, NO RASH!, can complicate w/ pneumonia and granuloma in lungs, liver, bone marrow, and spleen. Chronic inf --> subacute bacterial endocarditis. Biphasic. |
| Rickettsia prowazekii (Epidemic typhus) | sudden onset of flu-like sxs, maculopapular-->petechial rash begins on trunk and spreads peripherally, spares face, palms and soles. complicate as meningoencephalitis. May recur following latency (Brill-Zinsser dz). spread by louse. |
| Rickettsia tsutsugamushi (Scrub typhus) | sudden onset of flu-like sxs, maculopapular-->petechial rash begins on trunk and spreads peripherally, spares face, palms and soles. complicate as meningoencephalitis. transmitted by chiggers & mites. |
| Ehrlichia equi | fever, HA, myalgia, leukopenia (low WBC) and increased liver enzymes. infected granulocytes. transmitted by ixodes tick. |
| Ehrlichia chaffeensis (HME) | fever, HA, myalgia, leukopenia (low WBC) and increased liver enzymes. infected monocytes and macrophages (morulae in cytoplasm). transmitted by lonestar tick. |
| Entamoeba histolytica | dysentery (bloody, mucus-containing diarrhea), lower abdominal pain, farting, and liver abscess. aspiration of liver abscess: brown-yellow pus w/ "anchovy paste" consistency. intestinal flask-shaped ulcer. granulomatous lesion "ameboma" may form in cecal or rectosigmoid areas of colon. (not cancer) |
| Giardia lamblia | watery, foul-smelling diarrhea, nausea, farting, cramps. NO FEVER OR BLOOD |
| Cryptosporidium parvum | copious watery, non-bloody diarrhea (lots of fluid loss) |
| Trichomonas vaginalis | watery, foul smelling green vaginal discharge, itching and burning. |
| Plasmodium | abrupt onset of fever and chills. Fever spike, drenching sweats, splenomegaly, anemia. |
| Plasmodium falciparum | blackwater fever (dark urine from kidney damage), occlusion of capillaries, hemorrhage and necrosis, esp. in brain and kidney. infects RBCs of all ages. Chloroquine resistance. |
| Toxoplasma gondii | resembles mono, Congenital form (occurs only if mom is infected during pregnancy): chorioretinitis, intracranial calcification, blindness, abortion, stillbirth, encephalitis. |
| Pneumocystis jiroveci | sudden onset of fever, non-productive cough, dyspnea, tachypnea, rales, ronchi, "ground-glass" infiltrates bilaterally, diffuse interstitial pneumonia. cysts in lungs, frothy exudate. |
| Trypanosoma cruzi (Chagas' disease) | acute phase: facial edema and nodule near bite, coupled w/ lymphadenopathy and hepatosplenomegaly. Unilateral palpebral swelling "Romana's sign" chronic phase: myocarditis, megacolon, megaesophagus. death by cardiac arrhythmias/failure |
| Trypanosoma gambiense | low grade chronic course: indurated skin ulcer (chancre) at bite site. intermittent fever and enlarged post cervical lymph nodes, "Winterbottom's sign," encephalitis, tremors, slurred speech, coma |
| Trypanosoma rhodesiense | acute, rapidly progressive course: indurated skin ulcer (chancre) at bite site. intermittent fever and enlarged post cervical lymph nodes, "Winterbottom's sign," encephalitis, tremors, slurred speech, coma |
| Leishmania donovani (Kala-azar/visceral) | intermittent fever and weight loss. reticuloendothelial sys. (liver, spleen, BM) infection w/ amastigotes, hemorrhages, hyperpigmentation of skin |
| Leishmania tropica/mexicana/braziliensis (cutaneous) | granulomatous response, necrotic ulcer. Disfiguring granulomatous lesions: destroy nasal cartilage but not bone. |
| Taenia saginata/solium (Taeniasis) | typically asx, malaise, mild cramps |
| Taenia solium (cysticercosis) | in head: HA, vomiting, seizures, "space-occupying lesion," dead organisms release substances causing inflammation, calcify in eyes: retinitis |
| Schistosoma mansoni/japonicum | liver granuloma, fibrosis --> portal hypertension, splenomegaly, prominent eosinophilia, death from ruptured esophageal varices |
| Schistosoma haemotobium | hematuria, granuloma, fibrosis, carcinoma of bladder, eosinophilia |
| Enterobius vermicularis | perianal pruritis, eggs on skin (scotch tape test) |
| Trichuris trichiura | most asx, but some diarrhea. RECTAL PROLAPSE in severe infections, whitish worms on prolapsed mucosa. eggs in stool. no significant anemia |
| Ascaris lumbricoides | Usually asx, can cause malnutrition, pneumonia, and WORM BALL, obstruction of GI tract. oval egg w/ irregular surface in stool. |
| Necator americanus | GI (small intestinal) bleed, anemia, "Ground itch," pruritic papule or vesicle at site of entry into skin |
| Trichinella spiralis | diarrhea, then 2 wks later: periorbital edema and eosinophilia. SUBCONJUNCTIVAL HEMORRHAGES, cardiac and CNS dz, ate home-prepared sausage |
| Coccidioides immitis | lung inf. usually asx, can disseminate --> granulomatous lesions can occur in almost any organ but most often in bones (osteomyelitis) and CNS (meningitis), erythema nodosum. Women in 3rd trimester! |
| Histoplasma capsulatum | often asx, can cause pneumonia. Small granulomas that heal via calcification, In AIDS pts: ulcerated lesions on tongue. Erythema nodosum. was hanging out near bird/bat droppings |
| Blastomyces dermatidis | infection via RT --> dissemination to form ulcerated granulomas in skin, bone, etc. |
| Paracoccidioides brasilensis | lesions in lungs, can disseminate --> oral mucous membranes and other organs |
| Candida albicans | white patches in mouth, pseudomembrane, esophagitis, vaginitis, diaper rash. Complications: dissemination --> endocarditis, endophthalmitis, chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis, candidemia |
| Cryptococcus neoformans | lung infection is often asx or may produce pneumonia. In pts w/ reduced CMI, esp. AIDS, disseminates to CNS (Meningitis) and other organs. SubQ nodules often seen in disseminated dz. 1/2 pts w/ meningitis of this kind fail to show immunosuppression. |
| Aspergillus fumigatus | fungus ball in lungs, granulomas. asthmatic sxs, expectorate brownish plugs containing hyphae. Infections of skin, eyes, ears, etc. |
| Mucor/Rhizopus | DKA/burn/leukemia pts: bloody sputum and infiltrates w/ cavitation. invade tissue and grow in walls of blood vessels (sinuses, lungs, gut) --> infarction. |
| Microsporum canis | inflamed circular border containing papules and vesicles surrounding a clear area of normal skin. warm, humid area of body. contact w/ people or animals. |
| Malassezia furfur | hypopigmented areas of skin (esp. on tanned skin in summer) itching and scaling, oily skin or working outside, hyperhidrosis. |
| Sporothrix schenckii | local pustule or ulcer w/ nodules along draining lymphatics. In AIDS, becomes disseminated. Introduced by trauma, usually thorn. |
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