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Genome the ordering of genes in a haploid set of chromosomes of a particular organism Genes sequence of DNA that codes for a protein and thus determines a trait Gametes specialized cells involved in sexual reproduction Zygote fertilized egg cell Somatic Cells all the cells of your body except your sex cells Diploid term used to refer to a cell that contains both sets of homologous chromosomes Haploid (genetics) an organism or cell having only one complete set of chromosomes Sperm the male reproductive cell Ova female sex cell Gonad female or male reproductive organ that produces sex cells and hormones; ovary or testis Testes The male gonads, which produce sperm and secrete male sex hormones. Ovaries The female sex glands that store the ova and produce female sex hormones Fertilization process in sexual reproduction in which male and female reproductive cells join to form a new cell Homologous Chromosome one of a matching pair of chromosomes, one inherited from each parent Karyotype A picture of all the chromosomes in a cell arranged in pairs Meiosis Cell division that produces reproductive cells in sexually reproducing organisms Synapsis the side by side pairing of homologous maternal and paternal chromosomes at the start of meiosis