Chapter 16 test
About this set
Created by:
JSmalley Plus on May 1, 2012
Subjects:
Classes:
World History, Mr. Smalley, 2012-13
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43 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 joint stock company | private trading company in which shares are sold to investors to finance business ventures |
| mulatto | a person of mixed African and European ancestry |
| mestizo | a person of mixed Spanish and Native American ancestry |
| Shaka | Zulu leader |
| Moctezuma | Aztec emperor defeated and killed by the Spanish conquistador Hernando Cortes. |
| entrepreneur | someone who organizes a business venture and assumes the risk for it |
| inflation | a general and progressive increase in prices |
| middle passage | a voyage that brought enslaved Africans across the Atlantic Ocean to North America and the West Indies |
| plantation | Large estate farmed by many workers |
| viceroy | a representative of a king or of a country |
| creole | a person of European descent born in the Americas |
| tariff | tax on imported goods |
| conquistador | a Spanish conqueror of the Americas |
| pilgrim | Europeans who journeyed to the Colonies during the 1600s for a religious purpose |
| encomienda | brutal Spanish system of using Native Americans for labor |
| Boer | Dutch farmer in South Africa |
| Treaty of Paris of 1763 | ended the French and Indian War and removed the French from North America |
| triangle slave trade | a trade triangle that gave African slaves to the Caribbean, molasses and other raw goods to Europe, and trade goods to Africa |
| capitalism | an economic system based on private ownership of capital |
| putting out system | when raw wool was distributed to peasant families to make the product |
| mercantilism | the theory that a country should sell more goods to other countries than it buys |
| Francisco Pizarro | Spanish conquistador who conquered the Incas |
| Hernan Cortes | Spanish conquistador who defeated the Aztecs |
| Christopher Columbus | European who reached the islands of the Caribbean in 1492 |
| Bartolome de las Casas | the greatest defender of Native Americans among the Spanish |
| Samuel de Champlain | French explorer who established a settlement on the site of Quebec |
| Catholic | religion of Spanish, Portuguese, and French |
| Protestant | religion of Engish settlers |
| Spanish land in America | Florida, California to South America |
| French land in America | Canada and central present United States |
| Portuguese land in America | Brazil |
| British land in America | Eastern United States |
| global exchange | exchange of items from Europe and Americas started by Christopher Columbus |
| middle class | enjoyed a comfortable life |
| peasants | their lives remained unchanged |
| goal of Portuguese settlers | establish plantations; convert natives to Christianity |
| goal of British settlers | establish permanent colonies; convert natives to Christianity |
| goal of Spanish settlers | obtain silver & gold; convert natives to Christianity |
| goal of French settlers | obtain furs & fish; convert natives to Christianity |
| economic system of Spanish | used encomienda; could only trade with Spain |
| economic system of Portuguese | sent Brazilwood & dyes to Portugal; used plantations |
| economic system of French | French officials oversaw economic activity; sent furs & fish to Europe |
| economic system of British | royal governors oversaw colonial affairs; limited self-rule; plantations in the South |
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