Medical Terminology - Final Exam Review
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275 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 NIDDM | non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus; type 2; late onset |
| IDDM | insulin dependent diabetes mellitus; type 1; early onset |
| PEARL | pupils equal and reactive to light |
| ELISA | enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay |
| HISTO | pertaining to tissues (histology) |
| COPD | chronic obstructive pulmonary disease |
| ERCP | endoscopic retrograde choleangiopancreatography |
| ESRD | end-stage renal disease |
| AIDS | acquired immunodeficiency syndrome |
| SIDS | sudden infant death syndrome |
| TURP | transurethral resection of the prostate |
| HSV-2 | herpes simplex virus, strain 2 |
| ADHD | attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder |
| ECHO | echocardiogram; test looking at structure and function of the heart. |
| TENS | transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation |
| C-SECTION | cesarean section |
| NG TUBE | nasogastric tube |
| CAT SCAN | Computerized Axial Tomography |
| PET SCAN | Positron Emission Tomography scan |
| MRI | Magnetic Resonance Imaging |
| MRA | Magnetic Resonance Angiography |
| ESR | erythrocyte sedimentation rate |
| BOM | bilateral otitis media (both ears; middle ear infection) |
| UTI | Urinary Tract Infection |
| URI | Upper Respitory Infection |
| CRF | chronic renal failure |
| KUB | kidneys, ureters, bladder |
| D&C | dilation & curettage |
| I&O | Intake and output |
| I&D | Incision and drainage |
| T&A | Tonsillectomy and adnoidectomy |
| L&D | Labor and Delivery |
| N&V | Nausea and Vomiting |
| HRT | Hormone replacement therapy |
| PID | Pelvic Inflammatory Disease; (Salpingitis) |
| TVH | Total Vaginal Hysterectomy |
| TAH | Total Abdominal Hysterectomy |
| PMS | Pre-Menstral Syndrome |
| CXR | Chest X-ray |
| FHR | Fetal Heart Rate |
| MMR | Measles Mumps and Rubella |
| DPT | Diphtheria, Pertussis, and Tetnis |
| RDS | Respiratory Distress Syndrome |
| ABGs | Arterial Blood Gases |
| GFR | Glomerular Filtration Rate |
| THR | Total hip replacement |
| TKR | Total knee replacement |
| CHD | Childhood diseases |
| EKG | Electrocardiogram; electoral activity of heart |
| EMG | Electromyogram/graphy; heart muscle |
| EEG | Electroencephalograph; measures electrical activity of brain |
| BUN | Blood Urea Nitrogen |
| CBC | Complete Blood Count |
| HCT | Hematocrit |
| PRN | as needed |
| HBV | Hepatitis B virus |
| HCV | Hepatitis C virus |
| TIA | transient ischemic attack (mini-stroke) |
| CVA | cerebrovascular accident (stroke) |
| ALS | amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (Lou Gehrig's disease) |
| BMR | basal metabolic rate |
| GTT | glucose tolerance test |
| gtt | drops |
| ung | ointment |
| REM | rapid eye movement |
| PSA | prostate specific antigen |
| Bid | twice a day |
| Tid | three times a day |
| Qid | four times a day |
| OTC | over the counter |
| NPO | nothing by mouth |
| DNR | do not recessitate |
| PPD | purified protein derivative |
| DIP | distal interphalangeal joint |
| TMJ | tempromandibular joint |
| LLE | left lower extremity |
| ARC | aids related complex |
| CSF | cerebrospinal fluid |
| CNS | central nervous system (Brain and spinal cord) |
| PNS | peripheral nervous system |
| ANS | autonomic nervous system |
| SNS | somatic nervous system |
| ECT/EST/CST | electro-convulsive therapy; electro shock therapy ; convulsive shock therapy |
| STI/STD | sexually transmitted infection or diseases |
| SLE | systemic lupus erythmatosis |
| ROM | range of motion |
| HDL | high density lipoproteins |
| LDL | low density lipoproteins |
| FBS | fasting blood sugar |
| CCU | cardiac care unit |
| DOA | dead on arrival |
| GYN | gynecology |
| OB | obstetrics |
| IUD | intrauterine device |
| TPR | temperature pulse respiration |
| BP | blood pressure |
| AMI | acute myocardial infarction |
| DM | diabetes mellitus |
| PC | After Meals; post cibum |
| AC | Before meals; ante cibum |
| GI SERIES | Gastrointestinal series |
| GB | Gallbladder |
| BE | Barium enema |
| TB | Tuberculosis |
| TM | tympanic membrane |
| SA NODE | sino atrial node |
| MI | Myocardial Infarction |
| AP | Anterioposterior |
| PA | Posterioanterior OR Physician Assistant |
| MD | Medical Doctor OR Muscular Dystrophy |
| DO | Doctor of Osteopathy |
| MS | Multiple Sclerosis |
| AB | Abortion |
| Bx | Biopsy |
| Fx | Fracture |
| Dx | Diagnosis |
| SC | Sub-cutanious |
| IM | Intramuscular |
| ID | Intradermal |
| RA | Rheumatoid Arthritis |
| Pt | Physical Therapy |
| LP | Lumbar Puncture |
| CA | Cancer |
| Qd | Everyday |
| BM | Bowel Movement |
| VA | Veterans Affairs OR Visual Acuity |
| UA | Uranalysis |
| Prophylactic | What is the name of an agent that protects against disease? |
| Nocturea | Urination at night |
| Benign | Non cancerous; non progressive |
| Malignant | tending to become worse and can cause death |
| Diastole | the relaxation phase of the heart |
| Sistole | the contraction phase of the heart |
| Anemia | the condition in which there is a deficiency of O2 is being delivered to cells. |
| EKG | The graphic record of the electrical activity of the heart. |
| Hemophilia | Different heredity inadequacies of coagulation factors that result in long bleeding times |
| Leukemia | An excessive uncontrolled increase in immature white blood cells in the blood eventually leading to infection |
| Atelocephalis | having an incomplete cranium or skull |
| Thoracentesis | surgical puncture into the plural cavity |
| Blepharotosis | Drooping of the upper eyelid |
| Blepharospasm | Spasm of the eyelid |
| Tenitis | Ringing or tinkling sounds in ears |
| Autodynia | Ear ache |
| Parturition | The act of giving birth |
| Puralent | Producing or contains pus |
| Periosteum | the serous membrane that lines long bones |
| Laparoscopy | process of viewing abdominal wall with a laproscope |
| Hydrocele | collection of fluid in scrotal sac |
| Hypoxia | diffecency of oxygen |
| Splenomegaly | abnormal enlargement of the spleen |
| Edema | accumulation of fluid within interstitial spaces |
| Onchiomycosis | fungus in nail bed |
| Palpebra | eyelid |
| Enterostenosis | narrowing of the intestines |
| Chondromalasia | softening of articular cartilage in patella |
| Phleborexis | bursting of a vein |
| Bursolith | stones in bursa |
| Heliosis | condition related to sun; sunburn |
| Diaphoresis | excessive sweating |
| Liomyoma | benign smooth muscle tumor in uterus |
| Eukenesis | good and normal movement |
| Dyskenesis | impairment of normal movement |
| Astrocytoma | malignant tumor of neuroglial cells |
| Phagocytosis | the process of engulfing bacteria and foreign debris |
| Anomaly | Any deviation from the norm |
| Rhinoplasty | surgical repair of the nose |
| Osteoclasis | surgical breaking of bone |
| Xeroderma | excessive dry skin |
| Bathypnea | deep breathing |
| Metachorous | change of color |
| Homeostasis | A relative constancy in the internal environment of the body |
| Paraplegia | paralysis of lower half of body |
| Anacusus | total deafness |
| Splanchnosclerosis | hardening of the viscera |
| Lalophobia | fear of public speaking |
| Nystagmus | involuntary rhythmic jerking movement of the eyes |
| Fistula | abnormal passageway between two tubular organs |
| Cryptorkidism | Failure of testicles to descend into the scrotom |
| Vasectomy | surgical cutting and tying Vas Deferins to prevent passage of sperm |
| Gasteresia | the stretching/dialation of stomach |
| Osteoclasis | the surgical fracture of bone to correct deformity |
| Alopecia | The name for partial or complete loss of hair |
| Hemopoesis | Process of blood formation |
| Subluxation | The incomplete dislocation of a joint |
| Down syndrome | The congenital condition also known as Trisomy 21 |
| Eclampsia | most severe form of hypertension during pregnancy |
| Anorkidism | absence of one or both testicles |
| Ileum | Distal portion of the small intestine. |
| Lavage | The process of washing out of an organ |
| Anyuresm | local dilation of wall formed at a weak point in vessel wall |
| Heparin | Naturally occurring anti clotting factor |
| Sarcoma and carcinomas | two main categories of neoplasm |
| Flextion | bending motion |
| Pronation | the act of turning the palm down and backward |
| Muscles that have a striped appearance when viewed under a microscope are called _____. | Striated muscles |
| muscles found in the walls of hollow organs are called ____. | Smooth muscle |
| Joint that always moves in one direction | Hinge joint |
| Atrophy | wasting away or w.o development |
| Suture | immovable joint |
| Arthritis | inflammation of a joint |
| Bunion | abnormal enlargement at base of great toe |
| Hallux | great toe |
| Arthoplasty | surgical repair of a joint |
| Sprain | injury involving ligaments |
| Strain | injury to body of muscle |
| Fissure | crack-like groove or sore in skin |
| Macule | small flat discoloration of skin not raised or depressed |
| Pustule | small elevation of skin filled w/ pus |
| Wheal / Hives | circumscribe area slightly elevated lesion paler in center than around edges |
| Bulla | large blister |
| Abrasion | scraping or rubbing away of skin as result of friction |
| Blister or vescicle | small thin walled skin lesion containing clear fluid |
| salpingoscope | instrument used to examine nasopharynx and gustation tube. |
| Otoscopy | use of otoscope to view tympanic membrane |
| Rectoscope | instrument used to examine rectum ; cutting and cauterizing loop |
| Resectoscope | instrument used to surgically remove tissue from body |
| Laprpscopy | process of viewing abdominal cavity |
| Ophthalmoscopy | direct visualization of the structures of the eye at all depths |
| Colposcopy | direct visualization of the vagina and cervix |
| Arthroscopy | process of viewing interior of a joint w/ scope |
| Laryngoscopy | examination of interior or larynx using endoscope |
| Fleuroscopy | radiological technique to examine function of organ/body part |
| Fetoscope | use of special stethoscope to detect fetal heart beat |
| Metastasis | process by which malignancy cells spread to other parts of the body |
| Neoplasm | any abnormal growth of new tissue |
| Mutation | The term that refers to change or transformation |
| Deltoid | Muscle covers shoulder |
| Trapezius | Muscle that is triangular shaped |
| Gluteus medius | Muscle thats smaller muscle located in upper outer quadrant near gleutus maximus? |
| Buccinstor | Muscle located in fleshy part of cheek |
| Gastrocnemius | Main muscle of the calf |
| Humerous | Upper arm bone |
| Ethmoid | bat shaped bone @ base of skull |
| Occipital | bone forms back of head/base of skull |
| Ulna | this bone has a large projection at end called olecranon process |
| Phalanges | bones of the fingers |
| Tibia | Name of more slender of two lower leg bones |
| Suppression | voluntary blocking of unpleasant feelings or experiences from ones mind |
| Displacement | process of transferring emotion from original idea or object to a new object/idea |
| Projection | transferring ones own unacceptable thoughts /feelings onto someone else |
| Regression | response o which a individual reverts to an earlier stage of development and comfort measures associated with that stage |
| Introjection | ego defense mechanism where someone unconsciously identifies with another person/object and assumes the feels of that other object/person |
| Physical therapy | term for branch of medicine that deals with physical therapy |
| Euphoria | term used to express a sense of well being or eulation |
| Cleptomania | someone that steals |
| IPPB | Intermittent Positive Pressure Breathing |
| HAV | Hepatitis A virus |
| T/F: The pulmonary arteries are the only arteries in the body that carry deoxygenated blood. | TRUE |
| Oxygenated blood is carried by ____. | pulmonary veins |
| T/F: myopia is a refractive error in which the lens of the eye cannot focus on an image accurately resulting in impaired distant vision also called nearsightedness. | TRUE |
| T/F: Psoriasis is a non infectious chronic disorder of skin, silvery white scales, intense itching | TRUE |
| T/F: Gangreen is tissue death due to loss of adequate blood supple; produces foul odor | TRUE |
| T/F: entrodious is the removal of certain elements from blood lymph by passing them through a semi-permiable membrane. | FALSE |
| T/F: Sleep apena isa sudden attack of sleep. | FALSE - narcalepsy |
| T/F: Choleithiasis is an abnormal presence of gallstones in GB. | True |
| T/F: electromyogram is a record of electrical activity of heart | FALSE |
| T/F: Colostomy is the surgical creation of a new opening between the stomach and the surface of the body | FALSE |
| T/F: the transverse plane divides the body into equal right and left sides | FALSE |
| T/F: Cancer is a malignant neoplasm | TRUE |
| T/F: basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and melanoma are the most common forms of skin cancer. | True |
| T/F: A sinus is a hollow space or an opening in a bone. | TRUE |
| T/F: The cerebrum is the largest and uppermost part of the brain. | TRUE |
| A CVA involves death of a specific portion of brain tissue due to lack of blood flow to that part of the brain. Also called a stroke. | TRUE |
| subarachnoid hematoma is a collection of blood below the ____. | arachnoid membrane |
| T/F: Reyes syndrome is an acute encephaliopathy along w/ fatty infiltration of internal organs that may follow acute viral infection; often occurs in children under 18 with fatal results | TRUE |
| T/F: Ultrasound used to analyze inter-crainal structure of the brain is termed echoencephalography | TRUE |
| T/F: Rhizotomy is the surgical resection of a spinal nerve root | TRUE |
| T/F: Septicemia is systemic infection in which pathogens are present in blood stream having spread from infection in any part of body. | TRUE |
| T/F: Purpura is the condition of blood beneath skin in pint point hemorrhages. | TRUE |
| Extension | A straightening motion. |
| T/F: Endolymph and perilymph help transmit sound waves. | TRUE |
| T/F: Is the organ or corti located in the cochlea? | TRUE |
| Temporal | muscle located above and near the ear |
| Carpels | Bones of the wrist |
| Mandible | lower jaw bone |
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