Chemistry Chapter 16 - Solutions
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32 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 heterogeneous | substances are not spread uniformly throughout; different parts have different compositions |
| homogeneous | the components are uniformly intermingled, or thoroughly mixed |
| solution | a homogeneous mixture which is made up of very small particles |
| solute | the dissolved substance |
| solvent | the substance that does the dissolving |
| aqueous solution | when H20 is the solvent |
| tincture | when alcohol is the solvent |
| suspension | no dissolving occurs |
| solubility | the maximum quantity of solutes that can dissolve in a certain amount of solvent at a certain temperature |
| miscible | when 2 liquids are soluble in each other |
| immiscible | when 2 liquids do not dissolve in each other |
| dissociation | the pulling apart of a solute |
| sphere of hydration | after the solute breaks apart, the solvent totally surrounds each positive and negative ion to keep them apart |
| micelle | the soap diagram |
| hydrophilic | the love of water |
| hydrophobic | the fear of water |
| saponification | the making of soap |
| solubility curve | shows how much solute will dissolve in a given amount of solvent under a range of temps |
| saturated solution | a solution that has dissolved all the solute it can hold. if more is added some solute will settle at the bottom |
| unsaturated solution | a solution that contains less solute than it can hold |
| super saturated solution | made by heating a saturated solution at high temperatures and allowing to cool undisturbed and gradually, very unstable. one added crystal will cause the excess solute to crystalize out |
| dilute solution | amount of solute is small in relation to solvent |
| concentrated solution | amount of solute is large in relation to solvent |
| colligative property | a property such as BP and FP which can be altered due to the presence of a solute |
| colloid | dispersed materials so small that they may not be noticed and maybe mistaken as a solution |
| emulsion | oil and H20 mixtures |
| aerosal | solid or liquid in a gas (mist) |
| gel | liquid dispersed in a solid |
| foam | gas dispersed in a liquid |
| amalgam | an alloy used in dentistry |
| equilibrium | a physical state where there is continuous intercharge between dissolved and undissolved portions of solute |
| effervescence | escape of a gas from a solution |
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