Geography Chpt 6 Section 2
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14 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 History of the Andes and the pampas | In 1532 a small group of spanish soldiers trudged up into the highlands of the inca Empire. |
| History of the Andes and the pampas # 2 | Local people, who were used to breathingthe thin air of the highlands, watched the invaders gasp for breath. |
| Early History | The first people may have come from the north, crossing the Isthmus of Panama before spreading through the continent. |
| Early History # 2 | Native American communities grew different kinds of food at different altitudes. Trade routes helped distribute food. Fish from coastal settlements were traded for potatoes grown at higher levels. |
| Early History #3 | In the 1400s, one Native American group began building a huge empire in the Andes. |
| The colonial Period | In 1532, a spanish soldier named Francisco Pizarro led 180 men into the Andean highlands in seach of the Incas. |
| Europeans Arrive | Although the Incas fought the invaders for decades, the conquistadors had several advantages. Their cavalry moved quickly in a land where no one had ever seen a hourse. They also had deadlier weapons, such as steel swords and sanons. |
| Europeans Arrive # 1 | The people of south America had no immunity, or natural defense, against European diseases. The most powerful weapon against the Incas. |
| Europeans Arrive #2 | Spaniards born in the Americas wer called criollos. The children of spanish men who married indigenous women were called mestizos-of mixed race. |
| The Road to Revolution | Resources such as gold and silver were shipped through the drazzling colonial capital of lima, in what in now Peru. |
| The Road to Revolution # 1 | Wealth was unevently distributed in the colonies. A small number of people owned most of the land. The criollos believed that spanish control limited their economies. |
| The Road to Revolution # 2 | As spain grew weaker from war with France, many in the spanish colonies began preparing for Redellion. San Martin took an army over the Andes to defeat Spanish forces in Chile. |
| The Road to Revolution # 3 | The Battle of Ayacucho in 1824 freed Peru. This was the last major battle in the fight for independence from Spain. |
| From Instability to Expot Boom | The landowning criollos formed an oligarchy, a small group that holds political power. They made sure that holds politicial power. They made sure that other ethnic groups were not even allowed to vote. |
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