| Term | Definition |
| force | a push or pull |
| gravity | the pulling force on an object by the earth |
| friction | a force that resists motion between surfaces |
| lever | a bar or rod resting on a fulcrum |
| fulcrum | the turning point on a lever |
| work | happens when a force has been used to cause motion |
| block and tackle | a combination of fixed and movable pulleys used together |
| wheel and axle | a wheel that is rigidly attached to an axle |
| inclined plane | a slanted surface or ramp |
| efficiency | how well a machine changes effort into useful work |
| screw | an inclined plane that winds around a central shaft |
| wedge | two inclined planes back to back |
| compound machine | a machine made up of two or more simple machines |