Unit One Chemistry Review
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22 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 accuracy | how close measurement is to it's actual value, its in the court but not in a specific spot |
| precision | the exactness of the measure, consistant, but not necessarily right |
| significant figures | all the digits known as well as the ones estimated |
| atom | the smallest unit of an element that maintains the properties of an element |
| pure substance | a sample of matter, either a single element or a compound, that has definate chemical and physical properties |
| element | a substance that cannot be separated or broken down into into simpler substances by chemcial means; all atoms of an element have the same atomic number |
| molecule | The smallest unit of a substance that keeps all the physical and chemical properties of that substance; it can consist of one atom or two or more atoms bonded toether |
| compound | A substance made up of atoms of two or more different elements joined by chemical bonds. |
| mixture | A combination of two or more substances that are not chemically combined |
| homogeneous | Describes something that has a uniform structure or composition throughout |
| heterogeneous | Composed of dissimilar components |
| energy | the capacity to do work |
| physical change | A change of matter from one form to another without a change in chemical properties |
| chemical change | A change that occurs when one or more substances change into entirely new substances with different properties |
| evaporation | The change of a substance from a liquid to a gas |
| endothermic | Describes a process in which heat is absorbed from the environment |
| exothermic | Describes a process in which a system releases heat into the environment |
| laws of conservation of energy | The law that states that energy cannot be created or destroyed but can be changed from one form to another. |
| heat | The energy transferred between objects that are at different temperatures; energy is always transferred from higher-temperature objects to lower-temperature objects until thermal equilibrium is reached |
| kinetic energy | The energy of an object that is due to the object's motion |
| temperature | A measure of how hot (or cold) something is; specifically, a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in an object |
| specific heat | The quantity of heat required to raise a unit mass of homogeneous material 1 K or 1 degree Celsius a specified way given constant pressure an volume |
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