Chapter 7 section 3 & Chapter 12 section 1, 2, & 3 ASIA VOCAB
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24 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 regent | someone who rules for a child until the child is old enough to rule |
| monopoly | (economics) a market in which there are many buyers but only one seller |
| assimilation | the social process of absorbing one cultural group into harmony with another |
| civil service jobs | government jobs that civilians obtained by taking examinations |
| Liu Bang | helped overthrow Qin dynasty, 1st emperor of the Han dynasty, was born a peasant and worked way up to emperor |
| Empress Lu | rules in 195 BC; one of Liu Bang's wives, she outlived her son and kept the throne by naming infants as emperor when they were to young to rule (so she ruled for them); when she dies her whole family gets killed |
| Wudi | Chinese emperor who brought the Han dynasty to its greatest strength |
| Sima Qian | a Chinese scholar, astronomer, and historian; author of the most important history of ancient china, historical records |
| Ban Biao | Started project of writing History of the Former Han Dynasty |
| Wang Mang | ruled for a child emperer then takes over (9 AD - 23 AD) sets up graineries for the poor, new money, because of land reforms people didn't like him; 11AD = bad flood (he was blamed); he was assasinated |
| Xiongnu | A confederation of nomadic peoples living beyond the northwest frontier of ancient China. Chinese rulers tried a variety of defenses and stratagems to ward off these 'barbarians,' as they called them, and dispersed them in 1st Century. (168) |
| Buddhism | the teaching of Buddha that life is permeated with suffering caused by desire, that suffering ceases when desire ceases, and that enlightenment obtained through right conduct and wisdom and meditation releases one from desire and suffering and rebirth |
| gentry (scholars) | people of standing(rank or position); people of good family or high social position; class of people just below nobility |
| moveable type | This was used for printing, and meant that individual letters and words could be moved around to create a page of type. It was an invention of the Renaissance (gold-smiths and paper-makers working together) and helped the spread of humanism over the Alps as it meant that printing was much easier, cheaper, and more efficient. It also led to the famous printing of vernacular Bibles in 1450 by Gutenberg |
| steppe | Treeless plains, especially the high, flat expanses of northern Eurasia, which usually have little rain and are covered with coarse grass. They are good lands for nomads and their herds. Good for breeding horses: essential to mongol military. (326) |
| Mongol Peace | Pax Mongolica - Mongols brought peace to almost the entire Asian continent because they tolerated and encouraged diversity, especially religions |
| nomad | a member of a people who have no permanent home but move about according to the seasons |
| khanate | one of several separate territories into which Ghenghis Khan's empire was split, each under the rule of one of his sons. |
| Khanate of the Great Khan | This empire was first ruled from the old capital at Karakorum in Mongolia, but was moved to Kihanbalik. In China, this khanate was known as the Yuan Dynasty |
| Tang Taizong | The founder of the Tang Dynasty, he expanded China to include all that the Han had had and more |
| Wu Zhao | the only woman to ever declare herself empress, she was a member of the Tang Dynasty; takes over when Li Shimin dies; she used trickery to get power, cuts taxes, raises salaries of government officials, encourages trade and Buddhism, takes Korea as a tributary state, reforms the civil service exams, builds more school for more job opportunities, takes criticism from Li Bo and improves |
| Genghis Khan | A Mongolian general and emperor of the late twelfth and early thirteenth centuries, known for his military leadership and great cruelty. He conquered vast portions of northern China and southwestern Asia |
| Kublai Khan | Mongol ruler, he completed the conquest of China and founded the Yuan dynasty |
| Marco Polo | Venetian traveler who explored Asia in the 13th century and served Kublai Khan (1254-1324) |
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