Immunology test #2
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eyalshoham on May 3, 2012
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33 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 spleen | acts as filter for blood, old red blood cells recycled. white blood cells stored here., Organ near the stomach that produces, stores, and eliminates blood cells |
| lymph node | Organ located along a lymph vessel. filter lymph and help attack viruses and bacteria. filter dead cells and antigens. |
| lymphatic vessels | similar to veins, lymphatic vessels transport lymph from body tissues to the chest, where it enters the cardiovascular system. collect fluid (lymph) that has leaked out from the blood into the tissues and returns it to circulation. |
| interstitial fluid | liquid found between the cells of the body that provides much of the liquid environment of the body. provide cells of body with nutrients and a means of waste removal. |
| peyer's patchers | facilitate the generation of the immune response within the mucosa. |
| lymph | the clear fluid that bathes each cell and transfers needed substances and wastes back and forth between the blood and the cells |
| plasma fluid | account for most of the volume of extracellular fluid in the body |
| bone marrow | a soft tissue inside the bone that produces blood cells |
| Ig A | - Monomer or dimer; in mucus and other secretions - Helps prevent entry of pathogens |
| Ig G | enhances phagocytosis, neutralizes toxins and viruses, and protects newborn. |
| Ig M | most effective in activating the Compliment System. The first Ig to be produced and tends to remain in the blood stream. Very effective in killing bacteria. Rapidly first to respond |
| Ig E | plays an important role in defense against intestinal parasites and is involved in allergic reactions |
| Ig D | Monomer. Blood lymph and B cells. On B cells, initiate immune response |
| neutrophil | white blood cell that destroys bacteria and viruses. performs phagocytosis. |
| lymphocyte | a type of white blood cell that exists in two primary forms, T cells and B cells. large natural killer cells. small t cells and b cells. |
| monocyte | an agranulocytic leukocyte that performs phagocytosis to fight infection (mono=one) |
| macrophage | Large white blood cell that removes bacteria, foreign particles, and dead cells |
| basophil | White blood cell containing granules that stain blue; associated with release of histamine and heparin |
| eosinophil | white blood cell containing granules that stain red; associated with allergic reactions and asthma. |
| cytotoxic t cell | T cell with CD8 receptor that recognizes antigens on the surface of a virus-infected cell and binds to the infected cell and kill it |
| TH1 | type of T helper cell, stimulate the T cytotoxic cells and other phagocytic cells to attack the antigens/infection. |
| TH2 | stimulate the B cells to create antibodies against the antigens |
| suppressor cell | prevents pathological self reactivity. Once the infection is over, this cell "calms" the immune reponse down. |
| NK cells | attack foreign cells, normal cells infected with viruses, and cancer cells that appear in normal tissues. |
| precursor B cell | Attacks immature blood cells |
| Plasma B cell | cell that secretes copious amounts of antibody into the blood; also called effector cell. |
| Thymus | Glandular organ near the heart, where t cells learn their jobs. Active in the young, stops working with age. |
| phagosome | A membrane-enclosed compartment containing foreign material or infectious agents that the cell has engulfed. |
| phagocyte | a white blood cell that destroys pathogens by engulfing them and breaking them down |
| dendritic cells | cells in lymphoid tissues that form a network to trap foreign antigens, specialized white blood cells that patrol the body searching for antigens that produce infections |
| Karl Landsteiner | An Austrian biologist who first distinguished the main blood groups in 1900 |
| red blood cells | carry oxygen to other cells so they can produce energy. |
| Antibody | a substance produced by the body that destroys or inactivates an antigen that has entered the body. |
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