7 Written Questions

1. James P Johnson, lots of left hand movement
2. 1) collective improvisation
   2) small ensembles
   3) polyrhythmic & polyphonic
3. Tin Pan Alley
4. Paul Whiteman
5. trumpet, trombone, clarinet
6. Speakeasies
   Commercial center: mass distribution
   Harlem Renaissance
   melting pot
   Cotton Club
   Tin Pan Alley
7. 1) introduction of stop time
   
   2) heightened the role of the composer by incorporating improvisation along with arranged compositions
   
   3) leader in Chicago style jazz, more arranged and structured.
   
   Also known as a braggart and claimed he invented many things, but he was one of the first great performers

6 Multiple Choice Questions

1. 1) ragtime: heavily syncopated rhythms
   
   2) blues: encouraged improvisation and self expression
   
   3) African Tribal music: rhythm and collective improvisation stem from West African drumming
   
   4) European classical: set the precursor to how instruments are classically played and provided traditional arrangements, foundation for improvising off of
   1. Four musical styles that preceded jazz and how each impacted its development
   2. Famous New Orleans trumpeter who was Louis Armstrong's childhood mentor
   3. Blues as a poetic form
   4. 3 musical characteristics of New Orleans jazz
2. A statement
   A' statement repeat or variation
   B contrasting statement
   1. Blues as a musical form
   2. stride piano
   3. polyrhythm
   4. Blues as a poetic form
3. 1) scat: singing style that encouraged improvisation and heightened the importance of emotional expression
   
   2) new rhythm called "swing" that became the next big musical style
   
   3) set the blues as the harmonic standard of jazz & highly influenced other artists such as Bix Beiderbecke and Coleman Hawkins
   1. 3 of Jelly Roll Morton's contributions
   2. 3 of Louis Armstrong's innovations
   3. Blues as a musical form
   4. Blues as a poetic form
4. two or more simultaneous melodic lines of equal importance (New Orleans jazz)
   1. homophonic
   2. polyphonic
   3. Monophonic
   4. polyrhythm
5. recording equipment advances, widespread radio, talking picture films
   1. 3 musical characteristics of New Orleans jazz
   2. Four musical styles that preceded jazz and how each impacted its development
   3. two technological advancements of the 1920s that dramatically affected creation of music
   4. 3 instruments that make up the front line of the New Orleans jazz ensemble
6. A A B
   I I IV I V I
   1. stride piano
   2. Blues as a poetic form
   3. polyphonic
   4. Blues as a musical form

6 True/False Questions

1. Whites-only club in Harlem where Duke Ellington established himself as a national entertainer thanks to radio broadcasting → trumpet, trombone, clarinet

   True        False

2. Famous New Orleans trumpeter who was Louis Armstrong's childhood mentor → 1) scat: singing style that encouraged improvisation and heightened the importance of emotional expression
   
   2) new rhythm called "swing" that became the next big musical style
   
   3) set the blues as the harmonic standard of jazz & highly influenced other artists such as Bix Beiderbecke and Coleman Hawkins

   True        False

3. polyrhythm → two or more simultaneous melodic lines of equal importance (New Orleans jazz)

   True        False

4. Monophonic → melodic line with supporting harmony

   True        False

5. homophonic → melodic line with supporting harmony

   True        False

6. red-light district of New Orleans that played a role in the early development of jazz → Storyville

   True        False