Fallacy Definitions
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16 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Hasty Generalization | a stereotype: the speaker makes a generalization based off of a sample that's too small or that not have adequate evidence. |
| Missing the Point | the premises are adequate and can lead to good conclusion, but the speaker uses an irrelevant conclusion. |
| Slippery Slope | the speaker gives a list of possible reactions that might be slightly exaggerated, without considering that these things don't HAVE to happen. |
| Ad Populum | "to the people," the speaker tries to convince the audience that an argument is valid because it's the choice of the majority. |
| Ad Hominem | this attacks the person rather than the argument and makes an attack that is irrelevant |
| Tu Quoque | the arguer tries to attack his opponent, but is really just being hypocritical. |
| Appeal to Authority | the speaker uses the opinion of a respected individual as support, but the individual themselves is not an expert in the topic. |
| Appeal to Pity | the speaker appeals to the emotions of the audience as support rather than providing real evidence. |
| Appeal to Ignorance | since there is no evidence to contradict, then the speaker assumes the topic must be true. |
| Red Herring | the speaker goes on tangent and distracts the audience from the real purpose of the argument |
| Straw Man | the speaker tries to build support by cutting down a weak argument from the opponent |
| Begging the Question | circular reasoning, the speaker pretty much restates himself and uses a premise as a conclusion without saying anything of value |
| Weak Analogy | the speaker makes a comparison between two things, but the important points of comparison do not match up |
| Post Hoc | the speaker gives a cause and effect relationship based only on the fact that one thing happened after the other. |
| Equivocation | the speaker uses words of similar meaning interchangeably throughout the argument, when the words have significant differences. |
| False Dichotomy | the speaker presents a situation as if there are only two opinions when that is not the case |
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