Pharm Exam VI Drug Table
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114 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Phenytoin: what is it used for? | Partial seizures; Tonic Clonic Seizures Trigeminal neuralgia (the old tic douloureux) |
| Phenytoin: what is it's MAO? | Prolong post firing inactivations of Na channels |
| Phenytoin: what are it's Side Effects? | DOES NOT TREAT ABSENCE Seizures; GINGIVAL HYPERPLASIA |
| Carbamazepine: what is it used for? | Simple and complex partial seizures; Generalized Tonic-Clonic;Trigeminal neuralgia; Bipolar disorder |
| Carbamazepine: what is it's MAO? | Prolongs post firing inactivation of Na channels (chemically related to tricyclic antidepressants) |
| Carbamazepine: what are it's Side Effects? | Dry mouth; stomatitis; high sugar content in children's pill |
| Valproic Acid: what is it used for? | Partial seizures; Tonic-clonic; Absence seizures; Myoclonic seizures |
| Valproic Acid: what is it's MAO? | Na and Ca , inhibits GABA transaminase, so slightly increases inhibitory effects of GABA (lets Cl in) |
| Valproic Acid: what are it's Side Effects? | Dyspepsia, wt gain; Teratogenic; Additive bleeding (e.g. aspirin) |
| Ethosuximide: what is it used for? | Absence seizures |
| Ethosuximide: what is it's MAO? | Could be reducing Ca currents |
| Ethosuximide: what are it's Side Effects? | Gingival hyperplasia, gingival enlargement, swelling on tongue |
| Phenobarbitol (barbiturate): what is it used for? | Complex and simple partial seizures; Tonic-clonic seizures |
| Phenobarbitol (barbiturate): what is it's MAO? | Positive GABA modulation enhancing opening of GABA receptor Cl channels |
| Phenobarbitol (barbiturate): what are it's Side Effects? | SEDATION; Tolerance to sedation but no tolerance to anticonvulsant effect; Physical dependence |
| Clonazepam (Benzodiazepine): what is it used for? | Absence and myoclonic seizures |
| Clonazepam (Benzodiazepine): what is it's MAO? | Positive GABA modulation enhancing opening of GABA receptor Cl channels |
| Clonazepam (Benzodiazepine): what are it's Side Effects? | Sedation; Physical dependence |
| Clorazepate (Benzodiazepine): what is it used for? | Absence and myoclonic seizures |
| Clorazepate (Benzodiazepine): what is it's MAO? | Positive GABA modulation enhancing opening of GABA receptor Cl channels |
| Clorazepate (Benzodiazepine): what are it's Side Effects? | Sedation; Physical dependence |
| Gabapentin (2nd Gen AED): what is it used for? | Adjunct for partial seizures; Migraine; Chronic pain; Bipolar |
| Gabapentin (2nd Gen AED): what is it's MAO? | Thought to work through release of GABA (not metabolized, so has few drug interactions) |
| Gabapentin (2nd Gen AED): what are it's Side Effects? | Mucocitis; Hiccups; Nasal obstruction; Physical dependence |
| Pregabalin (2nd Gen AED): what is it used for? | Adjunct for partial seizures; Migraine; Chronic pain; Bipolar |
| Pregabalin (2nd Gen AED): what is it's MAO? | Thought to work through release of GABA (not metabolized, so has few drug interactions) |
| Pregabalin (2nd Gen AED): what are it's Side Effects? | Mucocitis; Hiccups; Nasal obstruction; Physical dependence |
| Lamotrigine (2nd Gen AED): what is it used for? | Treatment of partial seizures Approved for BP-1 treatment |
| Lamotrigine (2nd Gen AED): what is it's MAO? | Blocks Na channels to limit repetitive firing which decreases neurotransmitter release. Reduce Ca currents and glutamate release |
| Lamotrigine (2nd Gen AED): what are it's Side Effects? | Life threatening skin reaction; Headache; Insomnia; Side effects more common in women |
| Levetiracetam (2nd Gen AED): what is it used for? | 2nd Gen Anti-epileptic |
| Levetiracetam (2nd Gen AED): what is it's MAO? | May effect synaptic vesicles |
| Levetiracetam (2nd Gen AED): what are it's Side Effects? | Hair loss; Anxiety; Irritability; Depression |
| Tiagabine: what is it used for? | 2nd Gen AED |
| Tiagabine: what is it's MAO? | Inhibit GABA reuptake |
| Tiagabine: what are it's Side Effects? | Confusion; Sedation; Paresthesias; Slurred speech |
| Topiramate: what is it used for? | 2nd Gen AED |
| Topiramate: what is it's MAO? | Acts at voltage gated Na and Ca channels, potentiates GABA, attenuates kainite and AMPA receptor effects |
| Topiramate: what are it's Side Effects? | None listed |
| Zonisamide: what is it used for? | 2nd Gen AED |
| Zonisamide: what is it's MAO? | Blocks voltage gated Na and Ca channels |
| Zonisamide: what are it's Side Effects? | None listed |
| Oxycarbamazepine: what is it used for? | adjunctive anti-epileptic drug as well as monotherapy in partial epilepsies -wiki |
| Oxycarbamazepine: what is it's MAO? | Prodrug for carbamazepine that blocks voltage sensitive Na channels and reduces presynaptic glutamate release |
| Oxycarbamazepine: what are it's Side Effects? | None listed |
| Vigabatrin: what is it used for? | adjunctive therapy for adult patients with refractory complex partial seizures (CPS) -wiki |
| Vigabatrin: what is it's MAO? | Binds irreversibly to GABA transaminase increasing GABA levels |
| Vigabatrin: what are it's Side Effects? | somnolence (12.5%), headache (3.8%), dizziness (3.8%), nervousness (2.7%), depression (2.5%) - wiki |
| Felbamate: what is it used for? | Last ditch drug for refractory seizures |
| Felbamate: what is it's MAO? | Blocks voltage gated Na channel, block glycine site on NMDA receptor |
| Felbamate: what are it's Side Effects? | Hepatotoxicity and aplastic anemia |
| Alcohol: what is it used for? | Recreation; Toasts; Sorrow; Happiness; Cleaning wounds; Festooning Torches |
| Alcohol: what is it's MAO? | Inhibitory in the CNS |
| Alcohol: what are it's Side Effects? | Dancing when you have no business on the dance floor; Confidence; Long incoherent speeches; Regret |
| Disulfiram: what is it used for? | Treatment of alcohol abuse |
| Disulfiram: what is it's MAO? | Inhibits Aldehyde dehydrogenase to increase acetaldehyde producing vasodilation, headache, GI |
| Disulfiram: what are it's Side Effects? | Want the SE to stop the drinking |
| Naltrexone: what is it used for? | Help maintain abstinence from alcohol |
| Naltrexone: what is it's MAO? | Mu opioid receptor antagonist |
| Naltrexone: what are it's Side Effects? | Non listed |
| Acaprosate: what is it used for? | Maintenance of alcohol abstinence |
| Acaprosate: what is it's MAO? | Restores GABA-glutamate equilibrium. Interacts with presynaptic GABA receptors to increase GABA release and reduce excitatory activity by reducing presynaptic glutamate release |
| Acaprosate: what are it's Side Effects? | Nausea; Diarrhea |
| Lithium: what is it used for? | Reducing effects on mania of bipolar |
| Lithium: what is it's MAO? | Unknown |
| Lithium: what are it's Side Effects? | Enlarged thyroid; dehydration; obesity |
| Clozapine: what is it used for? | antimanic |
| Clozapine: what is it's MAO? | Atypical antipsychotic |
| Clozapine: what are it's Side Effects? | Potentially fatal agranulocytosis |
| Risperidone: what is it used for? | Monotherapy or combo with Li or valproate for BP-1 |
| Risperidone: what is it's MAO? | Atypical antipsychotic |
| Risperidone: what are it's Side Effects? | Extrapyramidal symptoms; weight gain |
| Olanzapine: what is it used for? | Short term treatment of acute mania |
| Olanzapine: what is it's MAO? | Atypical antipsychotic |
| Olanzapine: what are it's Side Effects? | Works best on young females who haven't had the disorder long |
| Naloxone: what is it used for? | Opioid reversal |
| Naloxone: what is it's MAO? | μ-opioid receptor competitive antagonist; produces rapid onset of withdrawal symptoms |
| Naloxone: what are it's Side Effects? | change in mood; sweating; nausea; nervousness; restlessness; trembling; vomiting |
| Nitrous Oxide: what is it used for? | Adjunct for sedation |
| Nitrous Oxide: what is it's MAO? | ... |
| Nitrous Oxide: what are it's Side Effects? | ... |
| Hydroxyzine: what is it used for? | H1 antihistamine used for sedation |
| Hydroxyzine: what is it's MAO? | H1 antihistamine |
| Hydroxyzine: what are it's Side Effects? | ... |
| Promethazine: what is it used for? | H1 antihistamine used for sedation |
| Promethazine: what is it's MAO? | H1 antihistamine |
| Promethazine: what are it's Side Effects? | ... |
| Ketamine: what is it used for? | Disassociative anesthetic for sedation, normally of children |
| Ketamine: what is it's MAO? | NMDA (glutamate) receptor antagonist (related to PCP) |
| Ketamine: what are it's Side Effects? | ... |
| Midozolam (Versed): what is it used for? | Benzodiazepine used for conscious sedation (15-20 min onset, 45-60 min work time); reversed by Flumazenil |
| Midozolam (Versed): what is it's MAO? | ... |
| Midozolam (Versed): what are it's Side Effects? | ... |
| Flumazenil: what is it used for? | Benzodiazepine Reversal Agent |
| Flumazenil: what is it's MAO? | ... |
| Flumazenil: what are it's Side Effects? | ... |
| Triazolam (Halcion): what is it used for? | Benzodiazepine used for conscious sedation (60 min onset, longer working time than Midozolam-Versed); reversed by Flumazenil |
| Triazolam (Halcion): what is it's MAO? | ... |
| Triazolam (Halcion): what are it's Side Effects? | Crazy thoughts |
| Diazepam (Valium): what is it used for? | Benzodiazepine used for conscious sedation (lasts longer than Trizolam); reversed by Flumazenil |
| Diazepam (Valium): what is it's MAO? | Last long because of Active Metabolite |
| Diazepam (Valium): what are it's Side Effects? | ... |
| Zolpidem: what is it used for? | Induce sleep |
| Zolpidem: what is it's MAO? | Fast onset, short acting BZ1 selective for GABA alpha 1 subunit |
| Zolpidem: what are it's Side Effects? | Headaches, drowsiness, dizziness |
| Nicotine: what is it used for? | stimulant |
| Nicotine: what is it's MAO? | Nicotine receptor activation facilitates dopaminergic activation of brain reward pathways |
| Nicotine: what are it's Side Effects? | Cancer |
| Varenicline (Chantix): what is it used for? | Smoking cessation |
| Varenicline (Chantix): what is it's MAO? | Nicotine partial agonist |
| Varenicline (Chantix): what are it's Side Effects? | ... |
| Buproprion (Zyban): what is it used for? | Smoking cessation |
| Buproprion (Zyban): what is it's MAO? | antidepressant |
| Buproprion (Zyban): what are it's Side Effects? | ... |
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