1.
Abe Lincoln: - 16th President of the United States, serving from March 1861 until his assassination in April 1865
- Led his country through a great constitutional, military and moral crisis - the American Civil War - preserving the Union, while ending slavery, and promoting economic and financial modernization.
2.
Alfred E. Smith: - 1st Catholic presidential candidate
- foremost urban leader of the efficiency-oriented Progressive Movement
- noted for achieving a wide range of reforms as governor in the 1920s
- Strong opponent of prohibition.
3.
American Bible Society: - an interconfessional, non-denominational, nonprofit organization, founded in 1816 in New York City,
- Publishes, distributes and translates the Bible and provides study aids and other tools to help people engage with the Bible.
- best known for its Good News Translation of the Bible, with its contemporary vernacular and unique line drawings of Bible events with a snippet of text interspersed throughout the book
- all languages
4.
Archbishop John Hughes: - Irish-born clergyman of Roman Catholic Church
- A figure of national prominence, he exercised great moral and social influence, and presided over a period of explosive growth for Catholicism in New York
- Regarded as "the best known, if not exactly the best loved, Catholic bishop in the country."
- "Dagger John" for his practice of signing his name with a dagger-like cross, as well as for his aggressive personality
5.
Birth of a Nation: - 1915 silent drama film directed by D. W. Griffith
- Based on the novel and play The Clansman
- but was highly controversial owing to its portrayal of African American men (played by white actors in blackface) as unintelligent and sexually aggressive towards white women, and the portrayal of the Ku Klux Klan (whose original founding is dramatized) as a heroic force.
6.
Catholic Worker: - Newspaper published seven times a year by the Catholic Worker Movement community in New York City.
- Started by Dorothy Day and Peter Maurin to make people aware of church teaching on social justice.
- Left her Communist background, about Bible
7.
Clarence Darrow: - American lawyer, lading member of the American Civil Liberties Union, best known for defending teenage thrill killers Leopold and Loeb in their trial for murdering 14-year-old Robert "Bobby Franks"
- Defended John Scopes
8.
Dolores Hart: - American Roman Catholic nun and former actress
- Felt calling, left Hollywood for the convent
9.
Dorthy Day: - rejected her communist background to form the Catholic Worker newspaper (sold for 1 cent)
- had an abortion, abusive boyfriend
- Became a protestor for Vietnam War (rejected the Just War Theory).
10.
Francis Xavier Seelos: - German-American Roma Catholic priest and Redemptorist missionary.
11.
Fulton Sheen: - American archbishop of Catholic Church
- known for his preaching and especially his work on television and radio
- TV Program= Life is Worth Living
- Emmy award, most popular people in America
12.
Harriet Beecher Stowe: - American abolitionist and author
- novel Uncle Tom's Cabin (1852) was a depiction of life for African-Americans under slavery
- it reached millions as a novel and play
- became influential in the United States and United Kingdom
- Energized anti-slavery forces in the American North, while provoking widespread anger in the South.
13.
Humanae Vitae: - encyclical written by Paul VI
- Subtitled On the Regulation of Birth, it re-affirms the traditional teaching of the Catholic Church regarding married love, responsible parenthood, and the continuing proscription of most forms of birth control.
- Mainly because of its prohibition of all forms of artificial contraception, the encyclical was controversial,
- rejected the majority report on the subject, embracing a minority report maintaining the status quo,
- did not issue any additional encyclicals in the remaining ten years of his pontificate
14.
JFK: - 35th President of the United States
- Criticized by the Catholic Church for supporting abortion even under strict ruling that the church didn't support any reason to have one.
- First and only Catholic president.
15.
John T. Scopes: - teacher in Dayton, Tennessee, who was charged on May 5, 1925 for violating Tennessee's Butler Act, which prohibited the teaching of evolution in Tennessee schools
- Tried in a case known as the Scopes Trial.
16.
Joseph Smith: - chief prophet of Mormons, beliefs very different from Protestantism
- The founder of the Latter Day Saint movement, which gave rise to Mormonism.
17.
Julia Ward Howe: - a prominent American abolitionist, social activist, and poet
- Most famous as the author of "The Battle Hymn of the Republic".
18.
KKK: - original KKK was formed to terrorize blacks not to vote
- Very anti Catholic and anti Jewish.
19.
Knights of Columbus: - Founded by Father Michael McGivney
- world's largest Catholic fraternal
- Founded in the United States in 1882, it is named in honor of Christopher Columbus
20.
Leo Frank: - Jewish-American factory superintendent whose hanging in 1915 by a lynch mob, planned and led by prominent citizens in Marietta, Georgia,
- drew attention to anti-Semitism in the United States
- Accused of raping and killing a factor worker but later acquitted, later hanged by crowd.
21.
Margaret Sanger: - American sex educator, nurse, and birth control activist
- coined the term birth control
- Opened the first birth control clinic in the United States, and established Planned Parenthood.
- Efforts contributed to the landmark U.S. Supreme Court case which legalized contraception in the United States.
- frequent target of criticism by opponents of the legalization of abortion, based primarily upon her racial views and support of eugenics,
22.
Maria Monk: - Canadian
- claimed to have been a nun who had been sexually exploited in her convent
- wrote a sensational book about these allegations
- Disclosures of Maria Monk, or, The Hidden Secrets of a Nun's Life in a Convent Exposed
23.
Martin Luther King Jr.: - African American Civil Rights Movement
- Nonviolent methods like Gandhi
- Nobel Peace Prize, end racial segregation
- Montgomery Bus Boycott
24.
Michael J. McGivney: - Founder of the Knights of Columbus
- Son of Irish immigrants
25.
Norman Vincent Peale: - Minister and author
- Progenitor of the theory of "positive thinking"
26.
Orestes Brownson: - Vermont Calvinist
- Unitarianism
- Disciple of Thoreau
- New England intellectual and activist, preacher, labor organizer
- noted Catholic convert and writer
- conversion cost him his career
- Liberal protestant, almost an atheist.
- Founded transcendentalism, said the way to get rid of inequality was to get rid of inheritance.
27.
Philadelphia Riots of 1844: - May 6 and 8, July 6 and 7 1844 in Philadelphia
- Riots were a result of rising anti-Catholic sentiment at the growing population of Irish Catholic immigrants.
- months prior to the riots, nativist groups had been spreading a rumor that Catholics were trying to remove the Bible from public schools
- nativist rally in Kensington erupted in violence on May 6 and started a deadly riot that would result in the destruction of two Catholic churches
- Riots erupted again in July, after it was discovered that St. Philip Neri's Catholic Church in Southwark had armed itself for protection
28.
Pierre Touissant: - Slave from Saint-Domingue
- prenticed to a hairdresser and became highly successful among New York's upper class women
- used money he earned to help the Bernard widow survive after her husband had died in Saint-Domingue
- Freed at the death of his mistress
- Pierre took the surname Toussaint after the hero of the Haitian Revolution.
29.
Planned Parenthood: - Founded by Margaret Sanger
- Non-profit organization providing reproductive health and maternal and child health services. The
- For pro-choice legislation, comprehensive sex education, and access to affordable health care in the United States.
30.
Prohibition in the United States: - National ban on the sale, manufacture, and transportation of alcohol, in place from 1919 to 1933.
- The ban was mandated by the Eighteenth Amendment to the Constitution, and t
- Volstead Act set down the rules for enforcing the ban and defined the types of alcoholic beverages that were prohibited
- Ended with the ratification of the Twenty-first Amendment, which repealed the Eighteenth Amendment, on December 5, 1933.
31.
Second Great Awakening: - Christian revival movement during the early 19th century in the United States
- expressed Arminian theology, by which every person could be saved through revivals
- Anti-alcohol movement pushed for temperance.
32.
Sojurner Truth: - African-American abolitionist and women's rights activist
- Truth was born into slavery in Swartekill, Ulster County,New York, but escaped with her infant daughter to freedom in 1826
- After going to court to recover her son, she became the first black woman to win such a case against a white man.
- Best-known extemporaneous speech on racial inequalities, Ain't I a Woman?, was delivered in 1851 at the Ohio Women's Rights Convention in Akron, Ohio
- During the Civil War, Truth helped recruit black troops for the Union Army; after the war
33.
Temperance Movement: - social movement urging reduced use of alcoholic beverages
- Temperance movements may criticize excessive alcohol use, promote complete abstinence (teetotalism), or pressure the government to enact anti-alcohol legislation or complete prohibition of alcohol.
- Bible condemns drunkenness
34.
The Battle Hymn of the Republic: - hymn by American writer Julia Ward Howe
- Using the music from the song "John Brown's Body".
- Howe's more famous lyrics first published in The Atlantic Monthly in February 1862.
- The song links the judgment of the wicked at the end of time (Torah/New Testament) with the American Civil War.
35.
The Man Nobody Knows: - Second book by the American author and advertising executive Bruce Fairchild Barton.
- Barton presents Jesus as "the founder of modern business,"
- In an effort to make the Christian story accessible to businessmen of the time.
36.
Timothy Dwight: - American academic and educator
- Congregationalist minister, theologian, and author
- the eighth president of Yale College(1795-1817)
- Leader of the evangelical New Divinity faction of Congregationalism.
37.
Vatican II: Second Council: - addressed relations between the Roman Catholic Church and the modern world
- was the twenty-first Ecumenical Council of the Catholic Church
- second to be held at St. Peter's Basilica in the Vatican
- updated and modernized the church
38.
William J. Bryan: - A leading American politician from the 1890s until his death.
- dominant force in the liberal wing of the Democratic Party
- Standing three times as its candidate for President of the United States .
39.
Women's Christian Temperance Union: - Minimum price laws on alch
- First mass organization among women devoted to social reform with a program that "linked the religious and the secular through concerted and far-reaching reform strategies based on applied Christianity."
- he connections and contradictions between the two parts of its purpose - Christianity and Temperance - meant that the women involved confronted ideological, philosophical, political and practical dilemmas in their efforts to improve society around the world
- Although some labeled the Union as gender-biased, others disagreed by pointing out the many male supporters behind the scenes
