1.
Anne Hutchinson: Teachings challenged Puritan beliefs and the authority of the Puritan Clergy
2.
Bacon's Rebellion: Settlers (indentured servants and free blacks) attacked local tribes and then the colonial governor because they felt the colonial government was not putting effort to protect them
3.
Black Codes: Southern laws designed to restrict the rights of the newly freed black slaves
4.
Columbian Exchange: The exchange of plants, animals, diseases, and technologies between the Americas and the rest of the world following Columbus's voyages
5.
Congregationalists: Puritian group who wanted to reform Anglican church from within
6.
Connecticut Fundamental Orders: 1635 charter for the proprietorship colony. The first written constitution in British North America
7.
Dominion of New England: English government attempt to clamp down on illegal trade. Ended with the Glorious Revolution in England.
8.
Edict of Nantes: Edict that provided for religious tolerance of the Huguenots in France, preventing this group from fleeing their mother country to the New World.
9.
Evangelism: George Whitefield preached a Christianity based on emotionalism and spirituality
10.
George Whitefield: Methodist preacher who came to exemplify the Great Awakening
11.
Glorious Revolution: Overthrew James II and replaced him with William and Mary
12.
Halfway Covenant: Changed the rules governing Puritan baptisms, baptizing all children whose parents were baptized
13.
Headright System: A promise of 50 acres of land to move to the new colonies that was used to attract new settlers.
14.
Huguenots: French Protestants
15.
Indentured Servitude: Agreement of 7 years of labour in return for passage to the New World. Servants were also allowed a small piece of property and the ability to vote.
16.
Jamestown: 1607 Virginia settlement funded by a joint-stock company (the Virginia Company)
17.
Joint-Stock Company: A group of investors who bought the right to establish New World plantations from the king.
18.
Jonathan Edwards: Congregationalist minister who came to exemplify the Great Awakening
19.
King Philip's War: Pokanokets, led by Metacomet (known to English as King Philip). Led attacks on several settlements in retaliation for intrusion on Pokanoket territory.
20.
King William's War: War against French and Native Americans on the Canadian border
21.
Maryland Toleration Act: Passed 1649, provided religious tolerance for Christians in Maryland
22.
Massachusetts Bay Colony: Established 1629 by Congregationalists. Developed along Puritan ideals. "City Upon a Hill"
23.
Mayflower Compact: Pilgrim agreement that established a "body politic" and a basic legal system for the Massachusetts colony. Created a legal authority and an assembly, asserted that the government's power derives from the consent of the governed, not God.
24.
Mercantilism: Belief that economic power is rooted in a favourable balance of trade (exporting more than you import)
25.
Navigation Acts: Passed between 1651 and 1673. Required colonists to buy goods only from England, to sell certain products only to England, and to import non-English goods through English ports
26.
Pequot War: Fighting between Pequot tribe and Massachusetts Bay Colony over land. Resulted in near-destruction of the tribe
27.
Pocahontas: Member of the Powhatan Confederacy. Married colonist John Rolfe, creating an alliance between the colonists and the tribe
28.
Pokanokets: Native American tribe that assisted Massachusetts settlers (Pilgrims)
29.
Powhatan Confederacy: Indian tribe that saved the Jamestown settlement by teaching colonists to plant crops
30.
Proprietary Colony: A colony owned by one person, who was given it as a gift of land from the king
31.
Protective Tariffs: Placing additional fees on imports not from England to support England through Mercantilism
32.
Puritanism: Protestant movement lead by English Calvinists. Wanted to purify the Anglican church of Roman Catholic practices. Were forced to leave England from monarch persecution.
33.
Roger Williams: Minister in the Salem Bay settlement who taught controversial principles, like church and state should be separate. Was banished by Puritans, moved to Rhode Island and founded a new colony.
34.
Royal Colony: A colony that is owned by the king, who can then exert greater control over their government
35.
Salem Witch Trials: Summer 1692, 130 "witches" were jailed or executed in Salem
36.
Salutary Neglect or Benign Neglect: British treatment of the colonies during the period preceding the French and Indian War. Interfered in colonial affairs as little as possible.
37.
Separatists: Puritan group that abandoned the English church and left England
38.
Slavery: Established in English colonies in 1619. Work done under harsh conditions for little or no pay.
39.
Stono Uprising: First and most successful slave rebellion in September 1739. 20 slaves met near Stono River in South Carolina. They stole guns and ammo, killed colonists, and freed slaves.
40.
The Chesapeake: Area (Virginia and Maryland) where settlements were established after introduction of tobacco to colonies. Also featured some Urban areas for trade
41.
The Great Awakening: 1730's and 1740's wave of religious revivalism
42.
The Middle Passage: The shipping route that brought slaves to the Americas
