Inside Earth/Convection in the Mantle
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18 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 crust | the thin and solid outermost layer of the Earth above the mantle |
| lithosphere | the solid part of the earth consisting of the crust and outer mantle. "lithos" means stone in Greek |
| upper mantle | layer of the earth just beneath the crust that is a solid yet flows under pressure (amorphous) |
| Asthenosphere | the amorphous solid upper part of the upper mantle on which the tectonic plates move |
| lower mantle | the deeper part of the mantle beneath the asthenosphere that is solid |
| outer core | a layer of molten iron and nickel that surrounds the inner core of Earth |
| inner core | a dense sphere of solid iron and nickel at the center of Earth |
| seismic waves | vibrations that travel through Earth carrying the energy released during an earthquake |
| pressure | the force pushing on an area or surface |
| basalt | A dark, more dense, extrusive igneous rock with a fine texture, found in oceanic crust |
| granite | A usually light colored, less dense, intrusive igneous rock that is found in continental crust |
| oceanic crust | the portion of earth's crust that makes up the ocean floor and is made of extrusive basalt, and is relatively dense |
| continental crust | the portion of earth's crust that makes up the continents and is made mostly of intrusive granite, and is less dense than basalt |
| heat transfer | the movement of energy from a warmer object to a cooler object |
| radiation | the transfer of heat through space, for instance the sun's heat |
| conduction | the transfer of heat from one substance to another through direct contact, for instance touching a hot pot on the stove |
| convection | the transfer of heat through a fluid (gas, liquid or amorphous solid) using by flow of currents |
| fluids | Liquids and gases, but can also include amorphous solids |
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