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Many southerners refused to accept their defeat as divine judgment and believed that God had spared the South for a greater purpose; they came to view the war as: the Lost Cause Which of the following statements about the Lost Cause is NOT true? It made southerners angrier towards blacks and more convinced that slavery was just In the early years of Reconstruction, the Freedmen's Bureau was successful at: reducing black illiteracy by roughly 20 percent General Sherman's Field Order No. 15 gave hope to blacks because it: set aside plots of southern land for distribution Sharecropping: led many blacks into increasing debt The first U.S. president to be impeached in the House of Representatives was: Andrew Johnson White southerners used the term "carpetbaggers" to describe: powerful northerners who lived in the South The Fifteenth Amendment guaranteed the right of American men to vote. In the post-Reconstruction period: blacks in the South were relegated to second-class citizenship The _____ Amendment calls for equality before the law. Fourteenth Legacies of Reconstruction in the South included all of the following EXCEPT: breaking the rigid social hierarchy that existed among southern whites The term "gilded age" refers specifically to a time when: materialistic excess and sharp social divisions existed Before the industrial boom of the late 1800s: labor was done by artisans who controlled the pace and output of their labor An industrial owner who practiced horizontal integration: bought out competitors in the same industry The pioneer of horizontal integration was: John D. Rockefeller The workplace of the late 1800s included all of the following conditions EXCEPT: a safe and healthy environment The use of sweatshops was most common in: the garment industry Andrew Carnegie stated a different view of the Gospel of Wealth by expressing that: the affluent class should return some of their wealth to working class communities Which statement would most likely have been said by a believer in Social Darwinism? "The laws of nature dictate the conditions of life for both rich and poor." Jacob A. Riis's "How the Other Half Lives" focuses on: the sordid life of the urban poor Which statement would most likely have been said by a nativist? "The nation's purity is being ruined by Catholics and undesirable foreigners." The Central Pacific Railroad company relied heavily on low-paid, hard work done by: Chinese immigrants What event in 1848 started a huge influx of whites into Indian territory? the discovery of gold in Indian territories Whites destroyed the buffalo herds for all of the following reasons EXCEPT: the government believed the Indians would survive better with fewer buffalo An American force commanded by George A. Custer was overwhelmed during the: Battle of Little Bighorn It took 5,000 U.S. troops to capture 36 Apaches led by: Geronimo White reformers on the Board of Indian Commissioners believed that: Indians should be assimilated by teaching them to be Christians. Effects of the Dawes Act included: more Indian land being owned by whites Which group suffered from the most prejudice in mining towns? Chinese-Americans The Chisholm Trail was used to: drive cattle northward The Homestead Act: guaranteed free acres of land to citizens who farmed the land for five years The third party with the greatest importance in the late nineteenth century was the ______ Party. Populist Which political party expressed ideas that were close to the goals of the Grange? the Populists The word "suffrage" is synonymous with the right to: vote The leader of the Women's Christian Temperance union argued that: alcohol abuse was a result of poverty and social disorder The presidents in the era 1868-1869 were known for: their weak use of presidential powers The most accurate description of of the spoils system is: awarding government jobs based on party activism and loyalty The Pendleton Civil Service Act began the move toward: separating partisan politics from attaining government jobs Rationales for imperialism in the era 1890-1910 included all of the following ideas EXCEPT: the United States needed a vast buffer zone to offset communist expansion Which statement would most likely have been said by a believer in Social Darwinism who was addressing the issue of imperialism? "We must promote the superiority of our culture in an effort to ensure world stability." Mahanism emphasized: the importance of the navy in imperial expansion One reason for the widespread support for a larger navy was: its use to expand and protect America's international trade The primary goal of the American government's imperialistic policies was: commercial expansion Which statement best describes the duality of causes for American intervention in Cuba? Republicans wanted to defy President Cleveland and open new markets in the Caribbean. Before the Spanish-American War, the yellow press: wrote editorials that criticized American imperialism Popular anger against Spain was ignited by: the destruction of the U.S. ship, the Maine An appalling aspect of the Filipino War was: the death of many Filipinos in concentration camps The overall effect of the Platt Amendment was to: restrict Cuba's autonomy at home and abroad Which statement about the American presence in Haiti is NOT true? The American government did not use military to control Haiti. Woodrow Wilson ordered the marines into the Dominican Republic: after the Dominican people attacked the U.S. embassy