Lecture 8 - Drug Distribution and Elimination
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Created by:
anaskinner on May 6, 2012
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20 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Drug distribution | refers to the movements of drug molecules to target tissues of the body via circulation in the blood |
| diffuse | Drugs do not know where to go once they enter circulation. They simply ______ throughout the body and effect only the receptors that interact with them. |
| Not all | ____ ____ drug molecules that enter circulation become available to affect the nervous system |
| bind to blood proteins | drug molecules _____ __ ______ _______ forming an equilibrium between bound and free molecules |
| metabolized by the liver | some molecules are __________ ______ ______ _________ before they ever reach the brain. |
| blood brain barrier | psychoactive drugs molecules must pass the _____ ____ _______ to exert effects on the nervous system |
| Arteries | ______ carry oxygenated blood FROM the lungs to capillaries. |
| Capillaries | __________ are the tissues of the body that exchange Oxygen/Co2 and nutrients/waste products. |
| Veins | ________ carry oxygen depleted blood through the liver to remove wastes/toxins before returning to the lungs |
| Endothelial | Capillaries are very small blood vessels between arteries and veins that are composed of loosely connected __________ cells |
| transfer | enothelial cells permit the _________ of nutrients and waste products between tissues and ciruclating blood |
| astrocyte | capillaries of the brain that are surrounded by fatty __________ cells that press the endothelial cells together form the BBB that prevents many substances in the blood from entering the brain |
| blocks | the BBB ______: hormones, charged particles (ions), large molecules and various infectious agents. |
| permits | the BBB ______: O2 and CO2 xfr. Nutrients, amino acids and essential substances via active transport, small fat soluble molecules (psychoactive drugs) |
| lack blood brain barrier | brain areas that _______ the _____ _____ _____: pineal gland, pituitary gland, area postrema (aka medulla) |
| metabolized removed | drug elimination refers to the processes by which drug molecules are ___________ and _________ from the body |
| liver | the _______ is the primary organ responsible for metabolizing drug molecules |
| liver enzymes | __________ ________ break down molecules into non-psychoactive (usually) and more water soluble forms |
| kidneys urine | water soluble metabolites are removed from circulation by the __________ and then excreted from the body in _____. |
| stimulate more | frequent exposure to a drug can __________ ________ liver enzyme production to more efficiently metabolize druge molecules |
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