science chapter 18
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19 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 nervous system | the part of an organism that gathers,processes,and responds to information. |
| stimulas | a change in an organism's enviorment that causes a response. |
| neuron | the basic functioning unit of the nervous system:a nerve cell. |
| synapse | the gap between two neutrons. |
| central nervous system | system made up of the brain and the spinal cord. |
| cerebrum | the part of the brain that controls the memory,language,and thought. |
| cerebellum | the part of the brain that controls voluntary muscle movement and regulkates balance and posture. |
| brain stem | the area of the brain that controls involuntary functions. |
| spinal cord | a tube like structure of neurons that sends signals to and from the brain |
| peripheral nervous system | system made of sensory and motor neurons that transmit information between the central nervous system and the rest of the body. |
| reflex | an automatic movement in response to a stimulus. |
| sensory system | the part of your nervous system that detects or senses the enviorment. |
| receptor | special structures in all parts of the sensory system that detects stimuli. |
| retina | an area at the back of the eye that includes two types of cells-rod cells and cone cells-that contain photoreceptors. |
| eardrum | a thin membrane between the outer ear and the inner ear. |
| endocrine system | system consisting groups of organs and tissues that release chemical messages into the blood stream. |
| hormone | a chemical signal that is produced by an endocrine gland in one part of an organism and carried in the bloodstream to another part of the organism. |
| negative feedback | a control system in which the effect of a hormone inhibits further release of the hormone: sends signal to stop a response. |
| positive feedback | a control system in which the effect of a hormone causes more of the hormoneto be released:sends a signal to increase a reponse. |
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