1.
aqueous humor: serous fluid posterior to cornea, anterior to lens
Produced by ciliary body, flows to posterior chamber through pupil to anterior chamber - reabsorbed into canal of Schlemm
2.
choroid: lines most of internal surface
carries blood vessels
3.
ciliary body: focuses the lens and secretes aqueous humor
4.
cornea: transparent cover on anterior surface of eyeball
5.
cornea fibrous tunic: transparent firbous coat
6.
extrinsic eyes muscle: 6 muscles inserting on eyeball
4 rectus, superior and inferior oblique muscles
innervated by cranial nerves III, IV, VI
7.
eyebrows: provide facial expression
8.
eyelids (palpebrae): block foreign objects, help with sleep, blink to moisten
meet at corners (commissures)
consist of orbicularis oculi muscle and tarsal plate covered with skin outside and conjunctiva inside
tarsal glands secrete oil that reduces tear evaporation
eyelashes help keep debris from eye
9.
inner layer: retina (two layers)
10.
iris: opens and closes pupil
contains pigment of eye color
11.
layers of the eyeball OUTER: FIBROUS TUNIC
cornea
sclera
12.
lens: changes shape to help focus light
rounded with no tension
flattened due to pull of suspensory ligaments
13.
MIDDLE: VASCULAR TUNIC
choroid
ciliary body
iris
pupil
14.
neural components: includes retina and optic nerve
15.
neural layer: outgrowth of brain
Photoreceptor layer
Bipolar cell layer
Ganglion cell layer
16.
photoreceptor cells: posterior layer of retina-pigament epithelium
absorb stray light and prevent reflections
17.
photoreceptors cone cells: color--photopic vision
outer segment tapers to a point
18.
photoreceptors rod cells: night- scotopic vision
outer segment--stack of coinlike membranous discs studded with rhodopsin pigment molecules
19.
pigmented layer: helps absorb stray light
between choroid and neural layer
20.
pupil: hole for light passage
adjusted by iris to control amount of light through the lens
21.
retina: pressed against rear of eyeball by vitreous
22.
sclera fibrous tunic: white of eye
23.
tunics of the eyeball fibrous layer: sclera cornea
24.
tunics of the eyeball internal layer: retina and optic nerve
25.
tunics of the eyeball vascular layer: choroid, ciliary body and iris
26.
vitreous humor: jelly fills space between lens and retina