| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Herodotus | the ancient Greek known as the father of history |
| Civilization | a society in an advanced state of social development (e.g., with complex legal and political and religious organizations) |
| Neolithic Revolution | the shift from hunting of animals and gathering of food to the keeping of animals and the growing of food on a regular basis around 8,000 BC |
| Mesopotamia | first civilization located between the Tigris & Eurphrates Rivers in present day Iraq; term means "land between the rivers;" Sumerian culture |
| Ziggurat | a rectangular tiered temple or terraced mound erected by the ancient Assyrians and Babylonians |
| Enkidu | created by Aruru to contend with Gilgamesh; they wrestle; Gilgamesh wins; Enkidu and Gilgamesh become fast friends |
| Divination | the art or gift of prophecy (or the pretense of prophecy) by supernatural means (stars usually) |
| Cuneiform | an ancient wedge-shaped script used in Mesopotamia and Persia |
| Amenhotep IV | early ruler of Egypt who rejected the old gods and replaced them with sun worship (died in 1358 BC) |
| Hatshepsut | Queen of Egypt (1473-1458 B.C.E.). Dispatched a naval expedition down the Red Sea to Punt (possibly Somalia), the faraway source of myrrh. There is evidence of opposition to a woman as ruler, and after her death her name was frequently expunged. (p.66) |
| Ka | Egyptians concept of a soul |
| Shabti | magical figurine, servant of the deceased which would carry out the work needed in the afterlife |
| Judah | an ancient kingdom of southern Palestine with Jerusalem as its center |
| Cyrus the Great | king of Persia and founder of the Persian empire (circa 600-529 BC) |
| satrap | a governor of a province in ancient Persia |
| Ahura Mazda | The "good" god of the Persians. |
| Palace Society | Minoan,• Palaces all crossed Crete, palaces are 5 stories high some times, used as market places |
| Linear B | the modern name for the script, composed of signs and pictures, in which Mycenaean Greeks kept records on tablets of clay. |
| Wanax | king of the Mycenaeans |
| Period of Calamities | 1200-1000BCE Greece was hit by a powerful earthquake witch makes them venerable for invasion 1190 BCE the city of Mycenae was burned |
| Greek Dark Age | period of Dorian rule in greece when the empire spreads through colonization of the Agean (crete/turkey/Italy), Linear B is lost, and there are no cultural advancements |
| Arete | a sharp narrow ridge found in rugged mountains |
| Pythia | (Greek mythology) the priestess of Apollo at Delphi who transmitted the oracles |
| Polis | Greek city-state |
| Hoplite | Heavily armed Greek infantry who carried long spears and fought in closely spaced rows |
| Council of Gerontes | council of enders who decided everything, over the age of 60 |
| ekklesia | general "town meeting" of all free male Athenians, called on an ad hoc basis to make critical decisions affecting the future of the polis |
| Cleisthenes | An aristocrat, created a council of 500 and helped from Athenian democracy |
| strategos | athenian general, 10, anually elected, could run as much as wanted |
| rationalsim | system of thought based on the belief that reason is the chief source of knowledge |
| trireme | Greek and Phoenician warship of the fifth and fourth centuries B.C.E. It was sleek and light, powered by 170 oars arranged in three vertical tiers. Manned by skilled sailors, it was capable of short bursts of speed and complex maneuvers. (p. 132) |
| Marathon | a battle in 490 BC in which the Athenians and their allies defeated the Persians |
| Ostracsim | exiled for 10 years |
| Delian League | Pact joined in by Athenians and other Greeks to continue the war with Persia, (no sparta) |
| Lysander | Spartan general who defeated the Athenians in the final battle of the Peloponnesian War (died in 395 BC) |
| Mobile phalanx | a phalanx that could move around left right back forth made by philip of macidon |
| Makednic | macodonian languge |
| League of Corinth | a league started by King Philip to unite all greek city-states |
| Successor Kingdoms | the kingdomes that succeded the Macodnian empier |
| Epicureanism | philosophy founded by Epicurus in Hellenistic Athens; taught that happiness through the pursuit of pleasure was the goal of life |
| archimedes | Greek mathematician and physicist noted for his work in hydrostatics and mechanics and geometry (287-212 BC) |
Combine with other sets
Share on Facebook
Share on MySpace