AP US History American Pageant Colonial/Revolution
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Created by:
melenberry on May 7, 2012
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Colonial times and events leading up to and during the Revolutionary War
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39 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Republicanism | Colonial idea of a type of government where all citizens participate, no hierarchy, monarchy, or aristocracy |
| Radical Whigs | Liberal British politicians who supported America in the Revolution and believed the British monarchs and Parliament were becoming corrupt |
| Mercantilism | The European policy that wealth=power and more money should be made from exports than is spent on imports, said colonies are good becuase they can import what can't be produced in mother country for free, justified British control over America |
| Sugar Act | 1764, taxed many goods, including sugar, coming into America |
| Quartering Act | Colonists were forced to provide food and shelter for British soldiers when needed |
| George Grenville | English prime minister who enforced Navigation Laws and many acts which angered colonists and led to the Revolution |
| Molasses Act | Prohibited American trade with the French West Indies, first of many future laws angering Americans and inspiring Revolution |
| Salutary Neglect | Period of time when Britain didn't enforce Navigation Laws on America which led to American resentment of Britain when they restrengthened their control over the colonies after this period |
| Navigation Laws | Laws to reduce American trade with non-English countries, encouraged smuggling |
| Stamp Tax | Required all paper products to be stamped and taxed, inspired "No taxation without representation" |
| Admiralty Courts | Courts used to try violators of acts passed by Parliament and enforced on America, no jury, guilty until proven innocent, angry at stripping of colonists' rights (trial by jury) |
| Stamp Act Congress | NYC, 1765, 27 delegates from nine colonies drew up a list of rights and complaints and asked for a repeal of the Stamp Act from Britain, step toward colonial unity, Stamp Act=reapealed 1766 |
| Nonimportation Agreements | Colonists agreed to use their own resources rather than import British products, step toward colonial unity |
| Sons/Daughters of Liberty | "Patriotic Mobs" that used violence to protest British taxes/acts |
| Declaratory Act | Passed by Britain after the repeal of the Stamp Act, stating that Britain has complete sovereignty over America |
| Townshend Acts | 1767, passed by British prime minister Charles Townshend, taxed imported goods, including tea, to pay royally appointed governors and judges in the colonies, angered colonists, revived nonimportation and inspired smuggling of tea |
| Boston Massacre | March 5, 1770, redcoats fired into a crowd of instigating Americans and killed/wounded 11 people, angered Americans |
| Samuel Adams | Fed the American rebellion and started the committees of correspondence in Massachusetts |
| Committees of Correspondence | Est. 1772, exchanged letters about spreading resistance to the British throughout the colonies |
| Boston Tea Party | Dec. 16,1773, 100 Bostonians dressed as Indians dumped British tea on ships into Boston Harbor in protest to tea taxes |
| Intolerable Acts | 1774, prompted by the Boston Tea Party, closed Boston Harbor until damages were paid, made restrictions and took rights, soldiers could be quartered anywhere, soldiers accused of badness=tried in Britain |
| First Continental Congress | Sept. 5-Oct. 26 1774, 55 men from all colonies (except Georgia) list colonial grievances in Declaration of Rights, brought colonies together |
| The Association | Total boycott of British goods, no import or export, no consumption of British goods |
| Lexington and Concord | Apr 1775, British soldiers sent to Lexington to seize arsenal and capture rebel leaders, killed 8 Americans in Lexington, Americans waiting at Concord fight the British off, 300 British casualties(70 deaths), started the Revolutionary War, shot heard round the world |
| Valley Forge | Pennsylvania, American military camp in the Revolution with awful conditions, shortage of supplies=American weakness |
| Baron von Steuben | German drillmaster who transformed American army |
| Lord Dunmore | Promised in Nov 1775 freedom for any black slave who escaped to join the British army, not always fulfilled after war(like by Lord Charles Cornwallis) |
| Bunker Hill | America vs. Britain battle, America killed more British but was forced to retreat, June 17, 1775, Boston |
| Ethan Allen+Benedict Arnold | Seized British at Ticonderoga and Crown Point, NY |
| Olive Branch Petition | American attempt to stop Revolutionary War fighting and profess loyalty to the British crown, King George's refusal of this plunged America into full rebellion |
| Hessians | German soldiers hired by England to fight in America in the Revoloution, not attached to the cause |
| Thomas Paine+Common Sense | Author+work, pushed ideas of self-government and American desire for independence, talked down crown |
| Declaration of Independence | Largely written by Thomas Jefferson, approved by Congress July 4, 1776, formal statement of American separation from England and list of reasons for separation, later inspired France's Declaration of the Rights of Man, made the possibility of foreign assistance to now official American rebels |
| Saratoga | Revolutionary War battle where British general Burgoyne was forced to surrender, brought in French assistance to America |
| Model Treaty | Benjamin Franklin was sent to France to negotiate this alliance between America and France |
| Armed Neutrality | Position of passive hostility to England adopted by most European nations during the Revolutionary War |
| Joseph Brant | Indian who sided with British to keep Americans from expanding westward |
| Yorktown | Washington and French general Rochambeau trapped British here on land while French Admiral de Grasse trapped them by sea, Cornwallis surrenders Oct. 19, 1781 |
| Treaty of Paris | 1783, peace after the Revolution, America is officially independent, no more American persectution of Loyalists, debts needed to be paid to England |
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