APUSH 19th Century People
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58 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 John Humphrey Noyes | founder and leader of the Oneida Community |
| Dorothea Dix | reformer dedicated to improving conditions in mental institutions and prisons |
| Junipero Serra | founded a series of missions in CA |
| Charles Grandison Finney | most influential preacher of the 2nd Great Awakening and president of Oberlin College |
| Horace Mann | crusader for education reforms and expanded curriculums and better teacher training/pay |
| John Slidell | sent to Mexico to try and purchase CA prior to the Mexican War |
| Robert Owen | founded the New Harmony utopian community |
| Brigham Young | led the Mormon People to the Great Salt Lake Valley |
| Frances "Fanny" Wright | advocate of "radical" causes like racial equality and "open love" |
| Ralph Waldo Emerson | leading Transcendentalist; believed God was present in everything |
| Frederick Douglass | escaped slave who became famous as a lecturer, published "The North Star" |
| Noah Webster | education reformer who created the standard dictionary of the American language |
| William Lloyd Garrison | abolitionist, publisher of "The Liberator", which called for the complete and immediate emancipation of all slaves |
| Angelina Grimke | southern woman who became famous as an abolitionist speaker despite being the daughter of a prominent slave owner; author of "An Appeal to the Christian Women of the South" |
| Henry David Thoreau | transcendentalist who lived on Walden Pond for two years, and wrote "On Civil Disobedience", which inspired the nonviolent protests of Gandhi and Dr. MLK Jr. |
| Henry Wadsworth Longfellow | famous poet, author of "The Song of Hiawatha" and "The Courtship of Miles Standish" |
| Herman Melville | author of "Moby Dick" and generally disregarded in his lifetime |
| Louisa May Alcott | author of "Little Women" |
| James Fenimore Cooper | author of "Last of the Mohicans" and "The Leatherstocking Tales", one of America's first great novelists |
| Lydia Sigourney | one of the first women to make a living as a writer; their works were often regarded as "overly sentimental" |
| Emily Dickinson | reclusive poet whose works were only published after their death, regarded by many as America's greatest poet |
| Nathaniel Hawthorne | author of "The Scarlet Letter" |
| Washington Irving | author of "The Legend of Sleepy Hollow" and "Rip Van Winkle", the first American to be recognized internationally as a great author |
| Edgar Allen Poe | author of "The Raven" and "The Fall of the House of Usher", had an unhappy life and died at an early age |
| Walt Whitman | author of "Leaves of Grass" also called "the poet laureate of democracy" |
| George Bancroft | considered to be the first great American historian; believed Jacksonian democracy was the perfect form for human government |
| George Catlin | painter famous for his realistic portrayals of the peoples of the far west |
| Steven Austin | leading empresario (leader of the settlement) |
| Sam Houston | leader of the Texans during the Texas Revolution |
| Aaron Burr | demanded a complete apology for everything negative Hamilton ever said against him, which led to a duel between himself and Hamilton |
| William Marbury | sued the Secretary of State in order to get his judicial commission |
| John Quincy Adams | accused of participating in a corrupt bargain that led to his election as president |
| Thomas Jefferson | authorized the purchase of the Louisiana Territory |
| Andrew Jackson | American hero of the Battle of New Orleans |
| Henry Clay | called the Great Compromiser, he helped craft the Missouri Compromise and the Compromise of 1850 |
| Martin Van Buren | authorized the use of military force to move Native Americans to Indian Territory along the Trail of Tears |
| John Marshall | regarded by many as the most influential Chief Justice of the Supreme Court; wrote the majority opinion in the case which established judicial review |
| Merriweather Lewis | leader of the Corps of Discovery |
| James Madison | president of the US during the War of 1812 |
| Clara Barton | responsible for making nursing a profession |
| John Brown | led attacks at Harper's Ferry and in Kansas |
| Ulysses S. Grant | final and most successful commander of the Army of the Potomac during the Civil War |
| Jefferson Davis | president of the CSA during the Civil War |
| Thomas "Stonewall" Jackson | confederate commander, loved by his men, who was accidentally killed by his own troops |
| Robert Anderson | led Union troops at Ft. Sumter |
| Robert Gould Shaw | led the Massachusetts 54th at Ft. Wagner |
| Abraham Lincoln | president of the US during the Civil War |
| Mary Chestnut | southern diary writer who detailed life in the Confederate States |
| Thaddeus Stevens | abolitionist and leader of the radical republicans |
| Andrew Johnson | southern senator who supported Lincoln and became president |
| Frederick Douglass | abolitionist and newspaper publisher who argued in favor of allowing African American soldiers |
| William Tecumseh Sherman | led his troops on a march through the Confederacy to the sea; destroying everything in their path |
| Robert E. Lee | commander of the Army of Northern Virginia |
| Ida Tarbell | muckraker who exposed the corrupt practices of the Standard Oil Company |
| Lincoln Steffens | muckraking author of "The Shame of the Cities" |
| Carrie Nation | leading temperance advocate; often seen smashing up saloons with a hatchet |
| Ida Wells | muckraking author who led the charge against the practice of lynching |
| Mary Harris "Mother" Jones | Union leader and advocate of those working in the coal mines |
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