Volcanos
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24 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 aa | a dry form of lava resembling clinkers |
| caldera | large, circular-shaped opening formed when the top of a volcano collapses |
| cinder cone | a steep, cone-shaped hill or small mountain made of volcanic ash, cinders, and bombs piled up around a volcano's opening. |
| crater | a bowl-shaped opening at the top of a volcano |
| felsic lava | silica-rich lava |
| fissure | an opening, a groove, a split |
| hot spot | a volcanically active area of Earth's surface far from a tectonic plate boundary |
| lapilli | Tephra particles between 2mm and 64mm in diameter |
| lava | magma that reaches Earth's surface |
| mafic lava | dark-colored lava rich in magnesium and iron |
| magama | liquid rock material that has not reahed the earth's surface |
| pahoehoe | Solidified basaltic lava flow on land that has formed with smooth, ropelike surfaces |
| pillow lava | lava that flows out of fissures on the ocean floor and cools rapidly in rounded shapes |
| pyroclastic material | The volcanic rock ejected during an eruption, including ash, bombs, and blocks |
| shield cone | volcanic mountain with a broad base and gently sloping sides |
| stratovolcano | A composite volcanic cone built of interlayered lava flows and pyroclastic materials |
| tephra | Rock fragments, classified by size, that are thrown into the air during a volcanic eruption and fall to the ground. |
| vent | a hole for the escape of gas or air |
| volcanic ash | rock particals more that 0.25mm but less than 5mm across that are blown into the air by a volcanic eruption |
| volcanic block | The largest tephra, formed from solid rock blasted from a fissure |
| volcanic bomb | large, spindle-shaped clot of lava thrown out of a volcano |
| volcanic dust | volcanic ash that is less than 0.25 mm in diameter |
| volcanism | any activity that includes the movement of magma toward or onto Earth's surface |
| volcano | a cone-shaped hill or mountain around this opening, built up of the material that is forced out |
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