Earthquake & Volcanoes
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19 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 plate | the lithosphere is broken into spearate sections |
| fault | breaks in Earth's crust where rocks have slipped past each other |
| divergent | move apart |
| convergent | come together |
| transform | past each other, moving in opposite direction |
| crust | a layer of solid rock that includes both dry land and the ocean floor |
| mantle | made up of rock that is very hot, but solid |
| lithosphere | the crust and the uppermost mantle |
| core | made mostly of the metals iron and nickel, consists of two parts a liquid outer core and a solid inner core |
| volcano | a weak spot in the crust where magma comes to the surface |
| magma | mixture of rock-forming substance, gases, and water from the mantle |
| dormant volcano | expected to become active in the near future |
| active volcano | erupting or may erupt in the very near furture |
| extinct | unlikely to ever erupt again |
| focus | the area beneath the Earth's surface where rock breaks, triggering an earthquake |
| epicenter | the point on the surface directly above the forcus. The "middle" of the eartquake on the surface |
| seismic waves | vibrations that travel through the Earth carrying energy away from the focus of an earthquake |
| p waves | compress and expand |
| s waves | side to side, up and down |
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