PSY 123 Chapter 13
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19 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 isotonic | equal concentrations outside and inside the cell |
| hypertonic | larger concentration of substance outside the cell, causes water to move out. |
| hypotonic | smaller concentration of substance outside the cell, causes water to move in. |
| volumetric thirst | occurs as a result of hypovolemia. loss of volume in the extracellular fluid compartment |
| osmometric thirst | the motivational state that arises when cells become dehydrate in an attempt to dilute a highly concentrated extracellular fluid compartment |
| renin | an enzyme triggered by baroreceptors near the kidney which turns into angiotensin II |
| aldosterone | helps reabsorb sodium |
| ADH | anti-diuretic hormone. released by posterior pituitary, encourages kidney to reabsorb water. |
| subfornical organ | on the blood side of the BBB. communicates with median preoptic nucleus (MnPO) to promote drinking |
| median preoptic nucleus (MnPO) | promotes drinking |
| circumventricular | around the ventricles |
| baroreceptor | receptor that detects drop in blood pressure |
| osmoreceptor | detects changes in osmotic pressure. stimulate drinking behavior |
| glycogen | form of stored glucose |
| glucagon | a hormone released from the pancreas that converts glycogen back into glucose |
| insulin | pancreatic hormone that helps store glucose in the liver |
| leptin | hormone that provides a chronic signal about the fat levels and stimulates arcuate POMC/CART and NPY/AgRP neurons to trigger changes in food intake |
| lipostatic hypothesis | as leptin increases, food intake decreases. tryglicerides, and the role of leptin from fat |
| arcuate nucleus | monitors energy balance. contains 2 opposing systems for controlling food intake, each which responds to peptide signals. |
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