| Term | Definition |
| Yellow Journalism | sensational, biased and often false journalism |
| "Remember the Maine" | slogan/rally cry used in 1898 to drum support for war with Spain |
| Philippines | Spanish colony in the Pacific whom the US helped free from the Spanish, but soon after took as their own colony |
| Rough Riders | Volunteer regiment of US Cavalry led by Teddy Roosevelt during the Spanish American War |
| Armistice | peace agreement |
| Protectorate | a country that is tecnically independent but actually is under the control of another country |
| Platt Amendment | prevented newly independent Cuba from making treaties with other nations and gave the US control over Guantanamo Bay |
| Foraker Act | gave the US direct control over and power to set up a government in Puerto Rico |
| Isthmus | narrow strip of land connecting two larger bodies of land |
| Panama | province of Columbia who gained independence in 1903. A canal was opened across the isthmus in 1914 |
| Anarchy | disorder and lawlessness |
| Roosevelt Corollary | Addition to the Monroe Doctrine asserting America's right to intervene in Latin American affairs |
| Diplomacy | the management of communication and relationships between nations by members and employees of each nation's government |
| Dollar Diplomacy | President Taft's policy of linking American business interests to diplomatic interests abroad |
| Isolationism | noninvolvement in world affairs |
| Expansionism | a polici of expanding a country's economy or territory |
| Treaty of Kanagawa | 1854 treaty between Japan and the US. Japan agreed to open two ports to American ships |
| Imperialism | the policy of extending the rule or influence of a country over other countries or colonies; the political, military, or economic domination of one country over another |
| Pan-American Union | organization established in 1889 between the United States and Latin American nations to share information |
| Midway | two small Pacific islands that served as stopping points for American ships en route to China |
| Provisional Government | temporary government |
| Annexation | to take over territory and incorporate it into another political entity, e. g. a country or state |
| Samoa Islands | located 3000 miles south of Hawaii, these islands are on the trade route between the United States and Australia. In 1899, the US, Germany, and Great Britain agreed to divide the islands among themselves |
| Spheres of Influence | sections of a country where foreign nations enjoy special rights. China was split into these during the age of imperialism |
| Open Door Policy | each foreign nation would trade freely in other nation's spheres of influence in China |
| Boxer Rebellion | 1899 rebellion in Beijing, China, started by a secret society of Chinese who opposed the "foreign devils". The rebellion was ended by British troops. |
| Russo-Japanese War | 1904-1905 was between Russia and japan over territory in north eastern Asia |
| Treaty of Portsmouth | 1905 treaty between Russia and Japan ending the Russo-Japanese War. |
| Great White Fleet | 16 American battleships, painted white, sent around the world to display American naval power. |