Ross University Vet Prep Medical Mathematics-Dosage Forms
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Created by:
SemiCharmedQuark on May 9, 2012
Subjects:
Ross, Vet Prep, Dosage, Forms, medical mathematics
Description:
Ross University Vet Prep Medical Mathematics-Dosage Forms
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54 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 4 physical states of drugs | solid liquid semisolid gas or vapor |
| powder | solid mixture of drugs packaged in packets or sachets |
| tablet | solid active drug(s) combined with a binder and excipient and compressed into tablets |
| enteric-coated tablet | solid irritant tablets or tablets which are destroyed by gastric acid and are coated with phenylsalicylate (salol) or other substance which is insoluble in acid but will dissolve in the alkaline small intestine |
| pill | solid a mixture of drugs and a sticky binder in the form of ovoid or spherical mass, which is provided with a glazed sugar coating |
| capsule | solid a container made of a mixture of gelatin and glycerin that is suitable for drugs in powdered form and certain liquid forms |
| bolus | solid a large and cylindrical solid used for horses and cattle |
| mixture | liquid an aqueous solution or suspension intended for oral administration wherein aromatic water is added to prevent contamination with bacteria or mold |
| aromatic water | aqueous solution of volatile oil |
| excipient | an inactive substance used as a carrier for an active ingredient |
| pessary | solid a conical solid preparation for intravaginal use in humans |
| suppository | solid a conical solid preparation given intrarectally for systemic effect in humans which melts and releases its active ingredients after being introduced into the body |
| paste | semisolid a semisolid preparation for either external (topical) use or internal use |
| electuary | semisolid a semisolid preparation which is applied on the back of the tongue for a systemic effect |
| tincture | liquid an alcoholic liquid preparation of a nonvolatile substance either for external or internal use |
| spirit | liquid an alcoholic liquid preparation of a volatile substance |
| suspension | liquid an aqueous suspension of solids usually containing a dispersing agent (gum tragacanth or methylcellulose) to delay settling the bottle should contain the phrase "shake well before use" |
| syrup | liquid a solution of medicinal agents, flavoring and coloring agents in an 85% sucrose solution (>50% sucrose) |
| elixir | liquid a hydroalcoholic solution of medicinal agents that have been sweetened and flavored and having a better keeping quality than mixtures due to high alcoholic content |
| emulsion | liquid liquid consisting of an oiling substance dispersed in an aqueous medium with an emulsifying or a dispersing agent (gum acacia, lecithin or methylcellulose) |
| extract | liquid liquid obtained by percolation or maceration from plants |
| percolation | the passing of solvent over dried plant material followed by the evaporation of the solvent to obtain extract |
| maceration | the placing of plants in solvent until the active substances can be exxtracted |
| infusion | an extraction of active ingredients of plants by maceration using warm or cold water |
| decoction | an extraction of active ingredients of plants by maceration using boiling water |
| injection | liquid sterile solutions or suspensions in aqueous (sometimes an oil vehicle) |
| repository form | slow release form providing sustained release to prolong effective drug concentration in the body from the dosage form |
| red label | external dosage label |
| white label | internal dosage label |
| liniment | liquid semisolid a liquid or semisolid preparation that is applied ot the skin with friction (rubbing) that generally contains counterirritants used in chronic inflammation of muscles and tendons |
| lotion | liquid a solution or suspension of soothing substances to be applied to the skin in acute inflammation to relieve pain |
| ointment | semisolid a semisolid greasy preparation in which the drug is dissolved or dispensed in a suitable base |
| cream | semisolid a water-oil emulsion that incorporates a drug wherein the water evaporates following the application leaving the drug and a thin film of oil on the skin |
| dusting powder | solid a mixture of drugs in powder form for external use such as talk or starch as adsorbents |
| aerosol | gas/vapor a drug incorporated in a suitable solvent and packaged under pressure with a propellant such as fluorinated hydrocarbon or nitrogen |
| vehicle | an inert solvent or carrier |
| starch | solid vehicle |
| sucrose | solid vehicle |
| talc | solid vehicle |
| polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) | solid vehicle |
| resin | solid vehicle |
| waters (peppermint water) | oral medication vehicle |
| syrup | oral medication vehicle |
| elixir | oral medication vehicle |
| sterile water | injection vehicle |
| sterile saline | injection vehicle |
| propylene glycol | injection vehicle |
| polyethylene glycol | injection vehicle |
| polyinypyrrolidon | injection vehicle |
| polysorbate 80 (Tween 80) | injection vehicle |
| paraffin oil | semisolid vehicle |
| paraffin wax | semisolid vehicle |
| bee wax | semisolid vehicle |
| vaseline | semisolid vehicle |
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