| Term | Definition |
|---|
| fault | a break or a crack in the earth's lithosphere |
| earthquake | the shaking that results from the movement of a rock beneath the earth's surface |
| plateau | a large land form that has a more or less level surface and is elevated high above sea level. (flat top) |
| syncline | a downward fold in rock formed by compression in earth's crust |
| anticline | an upward fold in rock formed by compression of Earth's crust |
| fold | a bend in rock that forms where part of Earth's crust is compressed. |
| fault-block mountain | a mountain that forms where a normal fault uplifts a block of rock. |
| reverse fault | a type of fault where the hanging was slides upward; caused by compression in crust |
| footwall | the block of rock that forms the lower half of a fault |
| hanging wall | the block of rock that forms the upper half of a fault |
| normal fault | a type of fault where the hanging wall slides downward; caused by tension in crust |
| strike-slip fault | a type of fault where rocks on either side move past each other sideways with little up or down motion |
| deformation | a CHANGE in the volume or shape of earth's crust |
| stress | a FORCE that acts on rocks to change its shape or volume. |
| compression | stress that squeezes rock until it folds or breaks |
| tension | stress that stretches rock so that it is thinner in the middle |
| shearing | stress that pushes a mass of rock in opposite directions |
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