Chapter 16 - 1&2 - People
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Created by:
joe-lord21 on May 12, 2012
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30 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Pope Leo X | during his papacy, - Rome became great center of art and learning |
| Petrarch | - exemplified emerging humanism - read Cicero and Vergil - deep feeling for beauty of this world - critical of medieval schoolmen because - rationalism - |
| Benvenuto Cellini | 16th century Italian who was very gifted and talented sculptor and goldsmith |
| Niccolo Machiavelli | Diplomat who wrote a book that realistically analyzed politics in Renaissance Italy (The Prince). Stated rulers should be ready to use force and deceit for power |
| Baldassare Castiglione | wrote popular manual in which he gave advice to men and women on Renaissance ideal of good behavior |
| Lorenzo Valla | represented Classical scholarship at its best - criticized Cicero, Thomas Aquinas, Vulgate of St. Jerome |
| Giovanni Boccaccio | mirrored the spirit of the Renaissance - famous for poetry and prose - Story of ten young people who flee Florence to escape Black Death ("Decameron") - most famous work |
| Cosimo de Medici | Ruler of Florence - placed heavier tax responsibility on wealthier citizens, built sewers, and had streets paved |
| Lorenzo de Medici | "The Magnificent" - exiled people who disagreed with him - done to maintain stability - patron of artists, philosophers, writers - economy expanded |
| Savonarola | Dominican friar and virtual dictator of Florence - Church declared him a heretic and was burned at stake |
| Brunelleschi | studied ancient Roman statues and buildings - measured many ruins - believed beauty of building based upon mathematical relationship of various dimensions - designed dome of cathedral (Sante Maria Del Fiore) in Florence |
| Donatello | greatest sculptor of early Renaissance - most important work - "David" (first free standing nude sculpture) - bronze - |
| Lorenzo Ghiberti | Italian sculptor - developed techniques for three-dimensional sculpture by placing the figures closest to viewer in high relief, and those in the background in low relief |
| Giotto | great series of fresco(es) (paintings on wet plaster) depicting life of Saint Francis of Assissi - 1334 - appointed chief architect of Florence - placed in charge of civic and military construction |
| Michelangelo | preferred sculpture to painting - "thought in stone" - lived only for art - took no pleasure in money or comfort - "Pieta" |
| Masaccio | "Messy Tom" - real name Tomasso Guidi- first artist to paint human figures in nude - modeled figures using light and dark technique |
| Botticelli | burned many paintings that had "pagan" themes - later works are devoted to religious subjects - influenced by Neo-Platonism |
| Leonardo da Vinci | Artist that left behind many notes - designed buildings, canals, and military devices and was an artist of great talent |
| Pope Julius II | pope who oversaw the final construction of St. Peter's Basilica - hired Michelangelo |
| Raphael | leading painter of Renaissance - most noted for tranquil, sweet faced madonnas |
| Johannes Gutenberg | printed a complete edition of the Bible using movable metal type |
| Pierre Ronsard | greatest poet of French Renaissance - inspired by Petrarch, wrote sonnets on humanist themes of love, youth, and immorality |
| Michael de Montaigne | may have based his informal and direct style on Italian literary models |
| Francois Rabelais | France's most popular Renaissance author, developed personal essay |
| Desiderius Erasmus | "Prince of the Humanists" - writings challenged certain aspects of Church dogma |
| Jan van Eyck | developed technique of painting with oils |
| Peter Brueghel | combined Italian technique with the artistic traditions of their homelands |
| Albrecht Durer | artist that combined Italian technique with the artistic traditions of their homelands; painted realistic portraits, religious themes, landscapes, and scenes of daily life |
| Thomas More | statesman and friend of Erasmus, wrote a book that criticized the society of his day by comparing it with an ideal society - executed for refusal to recognize king as head of the Church of England |
| Shakespeare | most popular Renaissance playwright - English - most quoted author of all time |
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