Chapter 11: Basics of Electricity
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40 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 active electrode | electrode used on the area to be treated |
| alternating current | rapid and interrupted current, flowing first in one direction and then in the opposite direction |
| amp | unit that measures the amount of an electric current (quantity of electrons flowing through a conductor) |
| anaphoresis | process of forcing liquids into the tissues from the negative toward the positive pole |
| anode | positive electrode |
| blue light | theraputic light that should only be used on bare oily skin; contains few heat rays, is the least penetrating and has some germicidal and chemical benefits |
| catalysts | any substances having the power to increace the velocity (speed) of a chemical reaction |
| cataphoresis | process of forcing acidic substances into deeper tissues using galvanic current from the positive toward the negative pole |
| cathode | negative electrode |
| circuit breaker | switch that automatically interrupts or shuts off an electric circuit at the first indication of overload |
| complete circuit | the path of an electric current from the generating source through conductors and back to its original source |
| conductor | any substance, material, or medium that easily transmits electricity |
| converter | apparatus that changes direct current to alternating current |
| direct current (DC) | constant, even-flowing, current that travels in one direction only |
| desincrustation | process used to soften and emulsify grease deposits and backheads in the hair follicles |
| electric current | flow of electricity along a conductor |
| electricity | form of energy that, when in motion, exhibits magnetic, chemical or thermal effects; a flow of electrons |
| electrode | applicator for directing the electric current from machine to client's skin |
| electromagnetic radiation | also called radiant energy because it carries, or radiates, energy through space on waves |
| fuse | special device that prevents excessive current from passing through a circuit |
| galvanic current | constant and direct current (DC), having a positive and negative pole and producing chemical changes when it passes through the tissues and fluids of the body |
| inactive electrode | opposite pole from the active electrode |
| infrared rays | invisible rays that have longer wavelengths, penetrate deeper, and produce more heat than visible light |
| insulator (noncondutor) | substance that does not easily transmit electricity |
| iontophoresis | process of introducing water soluble products into the skin with the use of electric current, such as the use of the positive and negative poles of a galvanic machine |
| kilowatt | 1,000 watts |
| milliampere | one-thousandth of an ampere |
| modalities | currents used in electrical facial and scalp treatments |
| ohm | unit that measures the resistance of an electric current |
| polarity | negative or positive pole of an electric current |
| rectifier | apparatus that converts alternating current to direct current |
| red light | theraputic light used on dry skin in combination with oils and creams; penetrates the deepest and produces the most heat |
| Tesla high-frequency current | thermal or heat-producing current with a high rate of oscillation or vibration; also called violet ray |
| ultraviolet (UV) rays | invisible rays that have short wavelengths, are the least penetrating rays, produce chemical effects, and kill germs; also called cold rays or actinic rays |
| visible light | the primary source of light used in facial and scalp treatments |
| volt | unit that measures the pressure or force that pushes the flow of electrons forward through a conductor |
| wall plate | instrument that plugs into an ordinary wall outlet and produces various types of electric currents that are used for facial and scalp treatments |
| watt | measurement of how much electric energy is being used in one second |
| wavelength | distance between successive peaks of electromagnetic waves |
| white light | referred to as combination light because it is a combination of all visible rays of the spectrum |
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